Throughout/in history/nn ,/, the/at man/nn who/wps showed/vbd superior/jj performance/nn has/hvz become/vbn the/at commander/nn of/in others/nns --/-- for/in good/nn or/cc bad/nn ./.
Since/in the/at Industrial/jj-tl Revolution/nn-tl ,/, when/wrb factories/nns emerged/vbd ,/, this/dt classical/jj pattern/nn has/hvz been/ben followed/vbn ./.
Until/in recently/rb ./.


	There/ex have/hv always/rb been/ben tales/nns of/in disillusionment/nn --/-- the/at competent/jj technician/nn who/wps became/vbd an/at administrator/nn ,/, willingly/rb or/cc not/* ,/, and/cc found/vbd he/pps didn't/dod* like/vb it/ppo ;/. ;/.
the/at scientist/nn who/wps rebelled/vbd against/in the/at personnel/nns and/cc paper/nn work/nn ;/. ;/.
and/cc much/ql more/ql commonly/rb in/in recent/jj years/nns ,/, the/at engineer/nn who/wps found/vbd that/cs other/ap duties/nns interfered/vbd with/in --/-- or/cc eliminated/vbd --/-- his/pp$ engineering/vbg contributions/nns ./.
There/ex have/hv been/ben many/ap extremely/ql competent/jj men/nns who/wps have/hv been/ben converted/vbn into/in very/ql incompetent/jj managers/nns or/cc submerged/vbn in/in paper/nn work/nn ,/, to/in their/pp$ own/jj and/cc the/at public's/nn$ dissatisfaction/nn and/cc loss/nn ./.


	This/dt has/hvz been/ben more/ql evident/jj since/cs our/pp$ products/nns have/hv incorporated/vbn astronomically/ql increased/vbn technology/nn ./.
The/at remedies/nns have/hv been/ben many/ap and/cc varied/vbn --/-- attempts/nns to/to teach/vb management/nn techniques/nns --/-- either/cc in/in plant/nn ,/, at/in special/jj schools/nns ,/, or/cc in/in university/nn ``/`` crash/jj ''/'' courses/nns --/-- provision/nn of/in management-trained/jj assistants/nns or/cc associates/nns ./.
But/cc the/at realization/nn has/hvz been/ben growing/vbg that/cs these/dts are/ber not/* the/at complete/jj answer/nn ./.
Some/dti men/nns have/hv no/at talent/nn for/in or/cc interest/nn in/in management/nn ;/. ;/.
forcing/vbg them/ppo into/in management/nn can/md only/rb create/vb trouble/nn ./.
The/at old/jj shop/nn adage/nn still/rb holds/vbz :/: ``/`` A/at good/jj mechanic/nn is/bez usually/rb a/at bad/jj boss/nn ''/'' ./.


	Yet/cc our/pp$ economy/nn clings/vbz inexorably/rb to/in recognition/nn of/in managerial/jj status/nn as/cs the/at gage/nn of/in success/nn ./.
Labor/nn fights/vbz to/to change/vb its/pp$ collar/nn from/in blue/jj to/in white/jj ./.
All/abn grades/nns of/in management/nn seek/vb more/ql resounding/jj titles/nns and/cc incomes/nns because/rb of/in social/jj pressures/nns ./.
As/cs several/ap recent/jj books/nns have/hv over-emphasized/vbn ,/, we/ppss have/hv become/vbn the/at most/ql status-conscious/jj nation/nn in/in the/at world/nn ./.


	What/wdt can/md be/be done/vbn for/in the/at ``/`` individual/jj contributor/nn ''/'' who/wps is/bez extremely/ql important/jj --/-- and/cc likely/jj to/to be/be more/ql so/rb --/-- in/in the/at operation/nn of/in the/at technically/rb oriented/vbn company/nn ?/. ?/.
He/pps is/bez usually/rb conscious/jj of/in the/at social/jj pressures/nns at/in home/nn and/cc outside/rb ;/. ;/.
usually/rb concerned/vbn about/in America's/np$ belief/nn that/dt attainment/nn and/cc success/nn are/ber measured/vbn in/in dollars/nns and/cc titles/nns ./.
Yet/cc titles/nns are/ber traditionally/rb given/vbn only/rb to/in management/nn men/nns ,/, and/cc income/nn tends/vbz to/to rise/vb with/in title/nn ./.


	Even/rb the/at college/nn professor/nn in/in America/np has/hvz been/ben affected/vbn ./.
It/pps is/bez ,/, as/cs one/cd engineer/nn says/vbz ,/, ``/`` indeed/rb a/at difficult/jj thing/nn for/in the/at engineer/nn to/to accept/vb that/cs he/pps can/md go/vb as/ql far/rb on/in his/pp$ technical/jj merit/nn as/cs he/pps could/md employing/vbg managerial/jj skills/nns ./.
This/dt difficulty/nn arises/vbz even/rb though/cs we/ppss can/md give/vb examples/nns of/in men/nns who/wps have/hv actually/rb followed/vbn this/dt course/nn ./.
This/dt leads/vbz one/pn to/to conclude/vb ,/, as/cs you/ppss have/hv ,/, that/cs there/ex is/bez inevitably/rb more/ap prestige/nn in/in a/at management/nn position/nn in/in the/at minds/nns of/in our/pp$ people/nns ''/'' ./.


	Nobody/pn should/md be/be more/ql able/jj to/to answer/vb the/at questions/nns on/in this/dt score/nn than/cs engineering/vbg vice-presidents/nns and/cc chief/jjs engineers/nns ./.
So/rb we/ppss asked/vbd such/jj men/nns in/in major/jj companies/nns in/in the/at design/nn field/nn to/to offer/vb their/pp$ opinions/nns on/in the/at ``/`` dual-road-up/jj ''/'' problem/nn --/-- and/cc more/ql importantly/rb --/-- their/pp$ solutions/nns ./.
In/in the/at paragraphs/nns that/wps follow/vb ,/, we/ppss quote/vb from/in 32/cd men/nns who/wps are/ber identified/vbn on/in the/at final/jj page/nn ./.



First/rb-hl :/:-hl what/wdt-hl title/nn-hl ,/,-hl what/wdt-hl setup/nn-hl ?/.-hl ?/.-hl

Among/in the/at more/ql familiar/jj plans/nns for/in dual-channel/jj advancement/nn is/bez that/dt of/in General/nn-tl Electric/nn-tl ./.
This/dt is/bez not/* a/at mutually/ql exclusive/jj plan/nn ;/. ;/.
there/ex is/bez no/at one/cd point/nn in/in a/at man's/nn$ career/nn at/in which/wdt he/pps must/md select/vb either/cc the/at technical/jj or/cc the/at managerial/jj path/nn upward/rb ./.
Further/rbr ,/, the/at management/nn path/nn does/doz not/* open/vb the/at door/nn to/in higher/jjr opportunities/nns than/cs are/ber offered/vbn by/in the/at more/ql technical/jj path/nn ./.
It/pps is/bez common/jj to/to shift/vb back/rb and/cc forth/rb ,/, working/vbg up/rp through/in a/at number/nn of/in supervisory/jj and/cc individual-contributor/jj positions/nns ./.


	Actually/rb ,/, there/ex are/ber a/at number/nn of/in individual-contributor/jj positions/nns in/in both/abx operating/vbg departments/nns and/cc in/in the/at company-wide/jj ``/`` services/nns ''/'' operation/nn that/wps are/ber filled/vbn by/in men/nns with/in successful/jj managerial/jj experience/nn who/wps are/ber currently/rb broadening/vbg their/pp$ capabilities/nns ./.


	Also/rb ,/, moving/vbg into/in a/at managerial/jj position/nn does/doz not/* necessarily/rb end/vb a/at man's/nn$ recognition/nn as/cs a/at technical/jj expert/nn ./.
As/cs examples/nns at/in GE/nn :/: Glen/np B./np Warren/np ,/, formerly/rb manager/nn of/in the/at Turbine/nn-tl Division/nn-tl ,/, widely/rb recognized/vbn as/cs a/at turbine/nn designer/nn ./.
The/at late/jj W./np R./np G./np Baker/np ,/, a/at pioneer/nn in/in television/nn design/nn and/cc long-time/nn vp/nn &/cc gm/nn of/in the/at Electronics/nn-tl Division/nn-tl ,/, and/cc later/rbr ,/, by/in his/pp$ own/jj choice/nn ,/, an/at individual/jj consultant/nn ./.
Harold/np E./np Strang/np ,/, expert/nn in/in switchgear/nn design/nn ,/, for/in a/at long/jj period/nn vp/nn &/cc gm/nn of/in the/at Measurements/nns-tl &/cc-tl Industrial/jj-tl Products/nns-tl Division/nn-tl ,/, and/cc who/wps currently/rb ,/, approaching/vbg retirement/nn ,/, is/bez vice-president/nn and/cc consulting/vbg engineer/nn in/in the/at Switchgear/nn-tl &/cc-tl Control/nn-tl Division/nn-tl ./.


	In/in the/at GE/nn plan/nn ,/, a/at number/nn of/in individual/jj contributors/nns have/hv positions/nns and/cc compensation/nn higher/jjr than/cs those/dts of/in many/ap managers/nns ./.
These/dts positions/nns carry/vb such/jj titles/nns as/cs :/: 

	Consultant/nn-tl ,/, Advanced/jj-tl Development/nn-tl 

	Consulting/vbg-tl Engineer/nn-tl ,/, 

	Consulting/vbg-tl Engineer/nn-tl ,/, Heat/nn-tl Transfer/nn-tl 

	Consulting/vbg-tl Electrical/jj-tl Engineer/nn-tl ,/, 

	Senior/jj-tl Electrical/jj-tl Engineer/nn-tl ,/, 

	Senior/jj-tl Physicist/nn-tl ./.


	Westinghouse/np has/hvz a/at similar/jj system/nn ,/, with/in two/cd classifications/nns representing/vbg various/jj levels/nns of/in competence/nn on/in the/at strictly/ql technical/jj side/nn :/: consulting/vbg engineer/nn or/cc scientist/nn ,/, as/cs the/at case/nn may/md be/be ,/, and/cc advisory/jj engineer/nn or/cc scientist/nn ./.
Many/ap companies/nns have/hv systems/nns ,/, particularly/rb in/in R/nn &/cc D/nn ,/, which/wdt work/vb more/ql or/cc less/ql well/rb ,/, depending/in upon/in size/nn and/cc actual/jj belief/nn in/in the/at policy/nn on/in the/at part/nn of/in administration/nn ,/, as/cs will/md be/be abundantly/ql apparent/jj in/in subsequent/jj quotations/nns ./.


	Another/dt factor/nn that/wps may/md hold/vb hope/nn is/bez for/in parallel/nn recognition/nn is/bez ,/, as/cs one/cd man/nn says/vbz it/ppo :/: ``/`` that/cs the/at fad/nn for/in educating/vbg top/jjs people/nns along/in managerial/jj lines/nns is/bez yielding/vbg to/in the/at technically/rb trained/vbn approach/nn ''/'' ./.
Senior/jj-hl staff/nn-hl engineer/nn-hl ?/.-hl ?/.-hl

One/cd company/nn instituted/vbd ,/, early/rb in/in 1959/cd ,/, a/at vertical/jj classification/nn system/nn consisting/vbg of/in four/cd levels/nns ./.
There/ex is/bez no/at formal/jj equivalence/nn to/in the/at supervisory/jj ranks/nns ;/. ;/.
the/at top/jjs non-supervisory/jj level/nn ,/, senior/jj staff/nn engineer/nn ,/, enjoys/vbz status/nn and/cc pay/nn ranging/vbg up/rp to/in that/dt for/in the/at second/od level/nn of/in engineering/vbg supervision/nn ./.
The/at second/od level/nn ,/, senior/jj engineer/nn ,/, rates/vbz slightly/ql below/in first-level/nn supervision/nn ./.
The/at expectation/nn is/bez that/cs first-level/nn supervisors/nns will/md be/be selected/vbn in/in approximately/ql equal/jj numbers/nns from/in the/at second/od and/cc third/od engineering/vbg level/nn ,/, with/in very/ql few/ap coming/vbg from/in the/at first/od level/nn ./.


	The/at company/nn expects/vbz to/to extend/vb upward/rb both/abx compensation/nn and/cc status/nn for/in non-supervisory/jj engineers/nns ,/, but/cc probably/rb not/* into/in executive/nn levels/nns ./.
In/in this/dt organization/nn ,/, about/rb half/abn of/in the/at engineers/nns with/in 15/cd or/cc more/ap years/nns of/in employment/nn are/ber in/in supervision/nn ,/, engineering/vbg or/cc elsewhere/rb ./.
This/dt reflects/vbz the/at very/ql heavy/jj engineering/nn content/nn of/in the/at products/nns --/-- which/wdt are/ber not/* military/jj ./.
Several/ap other/ap examples/nns :/: central/jj-hl and/cc-hl satellite/nn-hl 
``/`` We/ppss have/hv over/rp 20/cd divisions/nns --/-- each/dt of/in which/wdt has/hvz an/at engineering/vbg department/nn headed/vbn by/in a/at chief/jjs engineer/nn ./.
We/ppss have/hv set/vbn up/rp a/at central/jj R/nn &/cc D/nn department/nn ,/, as/ql well/rb as/cs engineering-management/nn departments/nns --/-- about/rb 80/cd people/nns working/vbg on/in problems/nns related/vbn to/in those/dts of/in our/pp$ plants/nns ./.
A/at separate/jj research/nn department/nn is/bez ,/, of/in course/nn ,/, confined/vbn to/in new/jj or/cc future/jj designs/nns ./.
Part/nn of/in this/dt headquarters/nn staff/nn ,/, however/rb ,/, are/ber engineering/vbg managers/nns who/wps work/vb between/in divisional/jj chief/jjs engineers/nns and/cc headquarters/nn management/nn ./.
These/dts headquarters/nn engineers/nns ,/, headed/vbn by/in the/at vice-president/nn --/-- Engineering/vbg ,/, counsel/vb and/cc advise/vb divisional/jj managers/nns and/cc chief/jjs engineers/nns on/in product/nn problems/nns as/ql well/rb as/cs aid/vb with/in design/nn ;/. ;/.
and/cc many/ap are/ber engineers/nns who/wps have/hv been/ben advanced/vbn from/in the/at divisions/nns ./.
These/dts men/nns are/ber considered/vbn managers/nns of/in engineers/nns ./.
They/ppss must/md learn/vb to/to wear/vb several/ap hats/nns ,/, so/rb to/to speak/vb ,/, working/vbg with/in management/nn ,/, sales/nns and/cc engineering/vbg problems/nns related/vbn to/in the/at product/nn ./.


	``/`` We/ppss do/do not/* have/hv people/nns in/in our/pp$ organization/nn termed/vbn '/' consultants/nns '/' or/cc '/' fellows/nns '/' ,/, who/wps are/ber specialists/nns in/in one/cd particular/jj technical/jj subject/nn ./.
I/ppss suppose/vb it/pps is/bez because/cs we/ppss are/ber just/rb not/* big/jj enough/qlp ./.
We/ppss have/hv a/at few/ap '/' consultants/nns '/' --/-- retired/vbn engineers/nns retained/vbn and/cc called/vbn in/rp on/in certain/jj problems/nns ./.
The/at only/ap '/' fellows/nns '/' in/in our/pp$ company/nn are/ber those/dts who/wps have/hv been/ben honored/vbn by/in ASME/nn ,/, AIEE/nn or/cc AIChE/nn ./.
I/ppss am/bem sure/jj that/cs the/at engineer/nn who/wps enters/vbz management/nn is/bez nearly/ql always/rb opening/vbg the/at door/nn to/in greater/jjr possibilities/nns than/cs he/pps would/md have/hv as/cs a/at technical/jj specialist/nn --/-- because/rb of/in his/pp$ wider/jjr accountability/nn ''/'' ./.
Another/dt-hl structure/nn-hl 
``/`` We/ppss have/hv tried/vbn to/to make/vb both/abx paths/nns attractive/jj ,/, so/cs that/cs good/jj men/nns could/md find/vb opportunity/nn and/cc satisfaction/nn in/in either/dtx ./.
One/cd way/nn to/to formalize/vb this/dt is/bez in/in the/at job/nn structure/nn ./.
We/ppss have/hv these/dts positions/nns ,/, which/wdt compare/vb directly/rb :/: Af/nn 

	``/`` Above/in these/dts jobs/nns we/ppss have/hv chief/jjs engineer/nn for/in the/at company/nn and/cc vice-president/nn of/in Engrg/nn ,/, R/nn &/cc Aj/nn ./.
The/at latter/ap jobs/nns include/vb major/jj management/nn responsibilities/nns and/cc have/hv been/ben filled/vbn by/in those/dts who/wps have/hv come/vbn up/rp primarily/rb through/in the/at engineering-management/nn side/nn ./.
We/ppss have/hv not/* yet/rb succeeded/vbn in/in establishing/vbg recognition/nn of/in technical/jj specialization/nn comparable/jj to/in our/pp$ higher/jjr levels/nns of/in management/nn ,/, but/cc I/ppss believe/vb we/ppss will/md trend/nn in/in this/dt direction/nn but/cc not/* to/to exceed/vb vice-president/nn ''/'' ./.
Top/jjs-hl job/nn-hl :/:-hl research/nn-hl scientist/nn-hl 
``/`` ./.-hl
Approximately/rb four/cd years/nns ago/rb ,/, we/ppss initiated/vbd a/at dual/jj ladder/nn of/in advancement/nn for/in technical/jj persons/nns ./.
The/at highest/jjt position/nn is/bez known/vbn as/cs a/at '/' research/nn scientist/nn ./.
This/dt approach/nn has/hvz not/* been/ben entirely/ql satisfactory/jj ./.
The/at primary/jj deterrent/nn appears/vbz to/to lie/vb with/in the/at technical/jj people/nns themselves/ppls ,/, and/cc their/pp$ concept/nn of/in what/wdt constitutes/vbz status/nn in/in present-day/jj society/nn ./.
Scientists/nns who/wps agitate/vb hardest/rbt for/in technical/jj recognition/nn are/ber often/rb the/at most/ql reluctant/jj to/to accept/vb it/ppo ./.
We/ppss have/hv discovered/vbn that/cs the/at outward/jj trappings/nns such/jj as/cs private/jj offices/nns and/cc private/jj secretaries/nns are/ber extremely/ql important/jj ;/. ;/.
and/cc although/cs we/ppss have/hv attempted/vbn to/to provide/vb these/dts status/nn symbols/nns ,/, support/nn of/in the/at '/' dual-ladder/jj '/' plan/nn has/hvz been/ben half-hearted/jj despite/in the/at creation/nn of/in a/at salary/nn potential/nn for/in a/at research/nn scientist/nn commensurate/jj with/in that/dt of/in men/nns in/in top/jjs managerial/jj positions/nns ./.


	``/`` A/at serious/jj problem/nn accompanying/vbg the/at technical-ladder/nn approach/nn is/bez the/at difficulty/nn of/in clearly/rb defining/vbg responsibilities/nns and/cc standards/nns of/in performance/nn for/in each/dt level/nn ./.
With/in no/at set/vbn standards/nns ,/, there/ex is/bez the/at tendency/nn to/to promote/vb to/in the/at next/ap highest/jjt level/nn when/wrb the/at top/nn of/in a/at salary/nn band/nn is/bez reached/vbn regardless/rb of/in performance/nn ./.
Promotion/nn is/bez too/ql often/rb based/vbn on/in longevity/nn and/cc time/nn in/in salary/nn grade/nn instead/rb of/in merit/nn ./.
If/cs no/at specific/jj organization/nn plan/nn exists/vbz limiting/vbg the/at number/nn of/in scientists/nns at/in each/dt salary/nn level/nn ,/, the/at result/nn is/bez a/at department/nn top-heavy/jj with/in high-level/nn ,/, high-salaried/jj personnel/nns ''/'' ./.
Staff/nn-hl engineer/nn-hl dept./nn-hl manager/nn-hl 
``/`` We/ppss have/hv two/cd approaches/nns for/in the/at technical/jj man/nn :/: the/at position/nn of/in staff/nn engineer/nn ,/, which/wdt is/bez rated/vbn as/ql high/jj in/in salary/nn as/cs department/nn manager/nn ;/. ;/.
and/cc an/at administrative/jj organization/nn to/to take/vb the/at routine/jj load/nn away/rb from/in department/nn managers/nns and/cc project/nn engineers/nns as/ql much/ap as/cs possible/jj ,/, thus/rb allowing/vbg them/ppo more/ap time/nn for/in strictly/ql technical/jj work/nn ./.
These/dts are/ber only/rb halfway/jj measures/nns ,/, and/cc the/at answer/nn will/md come/vb when/wrb some/dti way/nn is/bez found/vbn to/to allow/vb the/at technical/jj man/nn in/in industry/nn to/to progress/vb without/in limit/nn in/in salary/nn and/cc prestige/nn ''/'' ./.
A/at-hl complete/jj-hl plan/nn-hl 
``/`` We/ppss have/hv made/vbn limited/vbn application/nn of/in the/at '/' parallel/jj ladder/nn '/' plan/nn ./.
The/at highest/rbt rated/vbn non-supervisory/jj engineering/vbg title/nn is/bez '/' research/nn engineer/nn ./.
The/at salary/nn schedule/nn permits/vbz remuneration/nn greater/jjr than/in the/at average/nn paid/vbn to/in the/at first/od level/nn of/in engineering/vbg supervision/nn (/( engineering/vbg section/nn head/nn )/) ./.
We/ppss also/rb have/hv an/at '/' engineering/vbg section/nn head/nn --/-- research/nn engineer/nn '/' classification/nn which/wdt has/hvz salary/nn possibilities/nns equivalent/jj to/in that/dt of/in a/at research/nn engineer/nn ./.
Above/in this/dt point/nn there/ex is/bez no/at generally/rb used/vbn parallel/jj ladder/nn ./.


	``/`` We/ppss also/rb do/do a/at number/nn of/in things/nns to/to build/vb up/rp the/at prestige/nn of/in the/at engineer/nn as/cs a/at '/' professional/nn '/' and/cc also/rb to/to give/nn public/jj recognition/nn to/in individual/jj technical/jj competence/nn ./.
These/dts include/vb encouragement/nn of/in ,/, and/cc assistance/nn to/in ,/, the/at engineer/nn in/in preparation/nn and/cc publication/nn of/in technical/jj papers/nns ./.
We/ppss have/hv two/cd media/nns for/in publicizing/vbg individual/jj technical/jj activity/nn ,/, a/at magazine/nn widely/rb distributed/vbn both/abx within/in and/cc without/in the/at company/nn ,/, and/cc an/at information/nn bulletin/nn for/in engineering/vbg personnel/nns distributed/vbn to/in the/at homes/nns of/in all/abn engineers/nns ./.
Publicity/nn is/bez given/vbn to/in the/at award/nn of/in patents/nns to/in our/pp$ engineers/nns and/cc financial/jj support/nn is/bez provided/vbn for/in individual/jj membership/nn in/in technical/jj societies/nns ./.


	``/`` A/at recent/jj ,/, and/cc more/ql pertinent/jj action/nn ,/, has/hvz been/ben the/at establishment/nn of/in a/at technical/jj staff/nn reporting/vbg to/in the/at vice-president/nn for/in Engineering/nn-tl ./.
This/dt function/nn is/bez staffed/vbn by/in engineers/nns chosen/vbn for/in their/pp$ technical/jj competence/nn and/cc who/wps have/hv the/at title/nn ,/, member/nn of/in the/at technical/jj staff/nn ./.
Salaries/nns compare/vb favorably/rb with/in those/dts paid/vbn to/in the/at first/od two/cd or/cc three/cd levels/nns of/in management/nn ./.
Additional/jj symbols/nns of/in status/nn are/ber granted/vbn ,/, such/jj as/cs reserved/vbn parking/nn ,/, distinctive/jj badge/nn passes/nns authorizing/vbg special/jj privileges/nns ,/, and/cc a/at difference/nn in/in the/at treatment/nn of/in financial/jj progress/nn through/in merit/nn ./.


	``/`` We/ppss presently/rb are/ber involved/vbn in/in inaugurating/vbg a/at new/jj development/nn center/nn ./.
Operations/nns of/in this/dt nature/nn offer/vb the/at best/jjt opportunity/nn to/to recognize/vb scientific/jj status/nn ./.
All/abn scientific/jj staff/nn members/nns will/md have/hv the/at title/nn ,/, '/' research-staff/nn member/nn ./.
The/at salary/nn level/nn of/in an/at individual/nn within/in the/at group/nn will/md reflect/vb the/at scientific/jj community's/nn$ acceptance/nn of/in him/ppo as/cs an/at authority/nn in/in his/pp$ scientific/jj field/nn ./.
Contrary/jj to/in usual/jj organization-position/nn evaluations/nns ,/, the/at position/nn to/in which/wdt research-staff/nn members/nns report/vb administratively/rb will/md not/* necessarily/rb encompass/vb the/at duties/nns of/in the/at research-staff/nn member/nn ,/, therefore/rb ,/, are/ber not/* necessarily/rb evaluated/vbn as/ql highly/rb ./.


	``/`` These/dts recent/jj steps/nns do/do not/* offer/vb the/at possibility/nn of/in extension/nn to/in the/at great/jj number/nn of/in senior/jj engineers/nns who/wps have/hv displayed/vbn technical/jj competence/nn ./.
It/pps is/bez doubtful/jj that/cs the/at complete/jj solution/nn to/in the/at over-all/jj problem/nn can/md result/vb entirely/rb from/in company/nn efforts/nns ./.
Fundamental/jj to/in the/at difficulty/nn of/in creating/vbg the/at desired/vbn prestige/nn is/bez the/at fact/nn that/cs ,/, in/in the/at business/nn community/nn ,/, prestige/nn and/cc status/nn are/ber conferred/vbn in/in proportion/nn to/in the/at authority/nn that/wpo one/cd man/nn has/hvz over/in others/nns and/cc the/at extent/nn of/in which/wdt he/pps participates/vbz in/in the/at management/nn functions/nns ''/'' ./.

