<html><head><meta name="color-scheme" content="light dark"></head><body><pre style="word-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">\documentstyle{jarticle}

\è¥¿æš¦

\title{\TeX ã®å‡ºç‰ˆã¸ã®å¿œç”¨\\
	\large--- ç¸¦çµ„ã¿æ©Ÿèƒ½ã®çµ„ã¿è¾¼ã¿ ---}
\author{æ¿±é‡Ž å°šäºº\thanks{ï¼ˆæ&nbsp;ªï¼‰\kern-2pt ã‚¢ã‚¹ã‚­ãƒ¼ %
		å‡ºç‰ˆå±€ é›»å­ç·¨é›†ç&nbsp;”ç©¶çµ±è½„éƒ¨ å‡ºç‰ˆæŠ€è¡“éƒ¨}
	\and ç”°æ‘ æ˜Žå²${}^*$
	\and å€‰æ²¢ è‰¯ä¸€\thanks{ï¼ˆæ&nbsp;ªï¼‰\kern-2pt ã‚¢ã‚¹ã‚­ãƒ¼ %
		ã‚·ã‚¹ãƒ†ãƒ&nbsp;ã‚½ãƒ•ãƒˆã‚¦ã‚§ã‚¢äº‹æ¥­éƒ¨ æŠ€è¡“çµ±è½„éƒ¨ ã‚ªãƒ•ã‚£ã‚¹ã‚·ã‚¹ãƒ†ãƒ&nbsp;æŠ€è¡“éƒ¨}}
\date{\ }

\setlength{\unitlength}{0.1in}

\def\angle#1{$\langle{}$#1${}\rangle$}
\def\pTeX{p\kern-.2em\TeX}

\begin{document}

\maketitle \thispagestyle{empty}

\begin{abstract}
æ—¥æœ¬èªž\TeX ã‚’å‡ºç‰ˆåˆ†é‡Žã§æœ¬æ&nbsp;¼çš„ã«å¿œç”¨ã™ã‚‹ãŸã‚, ç¸¦çµ„ã¿æ©Ÿèƒ½ã‚’è¿½åŠ&nbsp;ã—ãŸ.
æ‹¡å¼µã•ã‚ŒãŸ\TeX ã¯ä»¥ä¸‹ã®ã‚ˆã†ãªç‰¹é•·ã‚’æŒã¤.
\begin{itemize}
\item åŒä¸€æ–‡æ›¸, åŒä¸€ãƒšãƒ¼ã‚¸ã«ç¸¦/æ¨ªçµ„ã¿ã®æ··åœ¨ãŒã§ã,
	ç¸¦çµ„ã¿ä¸­ã§ã‚‚å’Œ/æ¬§æ–‡/æ•°å¼ã®æ··åœ¨ãŒå¯èƒ½ã§ã‚ã‚‹.
\item è‹±èªžç‰ˆã®ã‚ªãƒªã‚¸ãƒŠãƒ«\TeX ã‚„ï¼ˆæ¨ªçµ„ã¿ï¼‰æ—¥æœ¬èªž\TeX ã¨äº’æ›æ€§ãŒã‚ã‚Š,
	å¾“æ¥ã®\TeX ã®æ–‡æ›¸ã‚„ãƒžã‚¯ãƒ­ã‚’ãã®ã¾ã¾å‡¦ç†ã™ã‚‹ã“ã¨ãŒã§ãã‚‹.
\item ç¸¦çµ„ã¿ã‚’ä½¿ç”¨ã™ã‚‹ã¨, æ‹¡å¼µãƒ•ã‚©ãƒ¼ãƒžãƒƒãƒˆã®{\tt DVI}ãƒ•ã‚¡ã‚¤ãƒ«ã‚’å‡ºåŠ›ã™ã‚‹.
	ãŸã&nbsp;ã—, æ¨ªçµ„ã¿ã®ã¿ä½¿ç”¨ã—ã¦ã„ã‚‹å&nbsp;´åˆã¯,
	å¾“æ¥ã®ãƒ•ã‚©ãƒ¼ãƒžãƒƒãƒˆã®{\tt DVI}ãƒ•ã‚¡ã‚¤ãƒ«ã‚’å‡ºåŠ›ã™ã‚‹.
\end{itemize}
æœ¬è«–æ–‡ã§ã¯ãã®è¨­è¨ˆã¨å®Ÿç¾æ–¹æ³•ã«ã¤ã„ã¦èª¬æ˜Žã™ã‚‹.
\end{abstract}

% \tableofcontents


\section{ã¯ã˜ã‚ã«}

\TeX ã¯ã‚¹ã‚¿ãƒ³ãƒ•ã‚©ãƒ¼ãƒ‰å¤§å­¦ã®ã‚¯ãƒŒãƒ¼ã‚¹æ•™æŽˆã«ã‚ˆã£ã¦é–‹ç™ºã•ã‚ŒãŸçµ„ç‰ˆã‚·ã‚¹ãƒ†ãƒ&nbsp;ã§ã‚ã‚Š,
çµ„ç‰ˆã®ç¾Žã—ã•ã¨å¼·åŠ›ãªãƒžã‚¯ãƒ­æ©Ÿèƒ½ã‚’ç‰¹å¾´ã¨ã—ã¦ã„ã‚‹.
æ—¥æœ¬èªžåŒ–ã•ã‚Œ\cite{jtex}, é«˜å“ä½ã®å†™æ¤å‡ºåŠ›ã‚’å¾—ã‚‹ã“ã¨ãŒã§ãã‚‹ã‚ˆã†ã«ãªã‚Š,
ã‚ãŒå›½ã§ã‚‚\TeX ã«ã‚ˆã£ã¦çµ„ç‰ˆã•ã‚ŒãŸæ›¸ç±ãŒå‡ºç‰ˆã•ã‚Œã‚‹ã‚ˆã†ã«ãªã£ã¦ããŸ.

ã¨ã“ã‚ãŒ, å¾“æ¥ã®æ—¥æœ¬èªž\TeX ã¯è‹±èªžå‘ã‘ã®ã‚·ã‚¹ãƒ†ãƒ&nbsp;ã‚’ãƒ™ãƒ¼ã‚¹ã¨ã—ã¦ã„ã‚‹ãŸã‚,
ç¸¦çµ„ã¿, ãƒ«ãƒ“ãªã©ã®æ—¥æœ¬èªžç‰¹æœ‰ã®æ©Ÿèƒ½ãŒãªã„.
\TeX ã‚’ä¸€èˆ¬æ›¸ç±ã®å‡ºç‰ˆã«ä½¿ç”¨ã™ã‚‹ãŸã‚ã™ã‚‹ã«ã¯, ã“ã‚Œã‚‰ã®æ©Ÿèƒ½ã‚’æŒã£ãŸ
ã€Œæœ¬æ&nbsp;¼çš„å‡ºç‰ˆã«è€ãˆå¾—ã‚‹æ—¥æœ¬èªž\TeX\kern0pt ã€ãŒå¿…è¦ã§ã‚ã‚ã†ã¨åˆ¤æ–­ã—,
æ—¥æœ¬èªž\TeX ã®æ”¹é€&nbsp;ã«å–ã‚Šçµ„ã‚€ã“ã¨ã«ã—ãŸ.
ã“ã®æ©Ÿèƒ½æ‹¡å¼µã•ã‚ŒãŸ\TeX ã‚’\pTeX ï¼ˆ\kern0pt publishing \TeX\kern0pt ï¼‰ã¨
å‘¼ã¶ã“ã¨ã«ã™ã‚‹.
ã¾ãš, æ©Ÿèƒ½æ‹¡å¼µç¬¬ä¸€å¼¾ã¨ã—ã¦ï¼ˆæ&nbsp;ªï¼‰\kern-3pt ã‚¢ã‚¹ã‚­ãƒ¼ã§é–‹ç™ºã•ã‚ŒãŸ
æ—¥æœ¬èªž\TeX ã«ç¸¦çµ„ã¿æ©Ÿèƒ½ã‚’è¿½åŠ&nbsp;ã—ãŸ.

æœ¬è«–æ–‡ã§ã¯ãã®è¨­è¨ˆã¨å®Ÿç¾æ–¹æ³•ã«ã¤ã„ã¦å&nbsp;±å‘Šã™ã‚‹.
æ¬¡ç«&nbsp;ã‹ã‚‰\ref{output}ç«&nbsp;ã¾ã§ã§\pTeX ã®ç¸¦çµ„ã¿æ©Ÿèƒ½ã«ã¤ã„ã¦ã®åŸºæœ¬çš„ãªæ¦‚å¿µã‚’èª¬æ˜Žã—,
\ref{imple}ç«&nbsp;ã§å…·ä½“çš„ãªå®Ÿç¾æ–¹æ³•ã‚’èª¬æ˜Žã™ã‚‹.


\section{ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³} \label{direction}

æ–‡æ›¸ã‚’çµ„ç‰ˆã™ã‚‹ã¨, ã„ãã¤ã‹ã®`ãƒšãƒ¼ã‚¸'ã®é›†åˆã¨ãªã‚‹.
`ãƒšãƒ¼ã‚¸'ã¯`è¡Œ'ã‚’``è¡Œé€ã‚Šæ–¹å‘''ã«ä¸¦ã¹ãŸã‚‚ã®ã§ã‚ã‚Š,
`è¡Œ'ã¯`æ–‡å­—'ã‚’``å­—é€ã‚Šæ–¹å‘''ã«ä¸¦ã¹ãŸã‚‚ã®ã§ã‚ã‚‹.

å¾“æ¥ã®\TeX ã§ã¯, ãƒšãƒ¼ã‚¸ã¯verticalãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹, è¡Œã¯horizontalãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã§ã‚ã‚Š,
``è¡Œé€ã‚Šæ–¹å‘'', ``å­—é€ã‚Šæ–¹å‘''ã¯æ¨ªçµ„ã¿ç”¨ã«å›ºå®šã•ã‚Œã¦ã„ãŸ.
\pTeX ã§ã¯, \TeX ã®çŠ¶æ…‹ã¨ã—ã¦``çµ„ã¿æ–¹å‘''ï¼ˆãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ï¼‰ã‚’è€ƒãˆ,
ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã«ã‚ˆã£ã¦`è¡Œé€ã‚Šæ–¹å‘', `å­—é€ã‚Šæ–¹å‘'ã‚’å¤‰ãˆã‚‹ã“ã¨ã«ã—ãŸ.
ç¸¦çµ„ã¿ã¯, æ¨ªçµ„ã¿ã®``è¡Œé€ã‚Šæ–¹å‘'', ``å­—é€ã‚Šæ–¹å‘''ã‚’,
å³ã«$90^\circ$å›žè»¢ã•ã›ãŸã‚‚ã®ã¨åŒã˜ã«ãªã‚‹.
\begin{quote} \begin{description}
\item[æ¨ªçµ„ã¿] å­—é€ã‚Šæ–¹å‘: æ°´å¹³å³å‘ã, è¡Œé€ã‚Šæ–¹å‘: åž‚ç›´ä¸‹å‘ã
\item[ç¸¦çµ„ã¿] å­—é€ã‚Šæ–¹å‘: åž‚ç›´ä¸‹å‘ã, è¡Œé€ã‚Šæ–¹å‘: æ°´å¹³å·¦å‘ã
\end{description} \end{quote}

ã¾ãŸ, ç¸¦çµ„ã¿ä¸­ã§ä½¿ã‚ã‚ŒãŸå&nbsp;´åˆã¨æ¨ªçµ„ã¿ä¸­ã§ä½¿ã‚ã‚ŒãŸå&nbsp;´åˆã§
å‹•ä½œãŒå¤‰ã‚ã‚‹ã‚ˆã†ãªãƒžã‚¯ãƒ­ãŒæ›¸ã‘ã‚‹ã‚ˆã†ã«,
\verb|\iftdir|, \verb|\ifydir|ã¨ã„ã†ãƒžã‚¯ãƒ­ã‚‚ç”¨æ„ã—ãŸ.

% \TeX ã®ç”¨èªžã‚„ãƒ—ãƒªãƒŸãƒ†ã‚£ãƒ–ã«ã¯ä¸Šä¸‹å·¦å³ã‚’é€£æƒ³ã•ã›ã‚‹å˜èªžãŒå¤šãä½¿ã‚ã‚Œã¦ã„ã‚‹ãŒ,
% ã“ã‚Œã‚‰ã®ä¸Šä¸‹å·¦å³ã¯åº§æ¨™ç³»ã«ä¾å­˜ã™ã‚‹ã‚‚ã®ã§ã‚ã‚‹.
% \TeX ã®ãƒ—ãƒªãƒŸãƒ†ã‚£ãƒ–ã«ã¯\begin{quote}
%	\verb|\belowdisplayshortskip|, \verb|\belowdisplayskip|,
%	\verb|\lower|,\\
%	\verb|\abovedisplayshortskip|, \verb|\abovedisplayskip|,
%	\verb|\raise|,\\
%	\verb|\rightskip|, \verb|\moveright|,\\
%	\verb|\leftskip|, \verb|\moveleft|
% \end{quote}ã®ã‚ˆã†ãªã‚‚ã®ã‚‚ã‚ã‚‹.
% ã“ã‚Œã‚‰ã®, below, lowerã¯è¡Œé€ã‚Šæ–¹å‘, above, raiseã¯è¡Œé€ã‚Šã®é€†æ–¹å‘, 
% rightã¯å­—é€ã‚Šæ–¹å‘, leftã¯å­—é€ã‚Šã®é€†æ–¹å‘ã‚’æ„å‘³ã—ã¦ã„ã‚‹ã‚‚ã®ã¨ã—ã¦,
% ç¸¦çµ„ã¿ã§ã‚‚ãã®ã¾ã¾ä½¿ç”¨ã™ã‚‹.


\section{ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹}

ã‚ªãƒªã‚¸ãƒŠãƒ«ã®\TeX ã§ã¯, æ–‡å­—ã‚’ä¸¦ã¹ã¦``è¡Œ''ã®ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã‚’ä½œã‚‹ãƒ¢ãƒ¼ãƒ‰ã‚’hãƒ¢ãƒ¼ãƒ‰ã¨è¨€ã„,
ã§ããŸãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã‚’hãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã¨å‘¼ã¶.
ã“ã‚Œã¯\TeX ãŒã‚¢ãƒ¡ãƒªã‚«ã§é–‹ç™ºã•ã‚ŒãŸã‚·ã‚¹ãƒ†ãƒ&nbsp;ã§ã‚ã‚Š,
è‹±èªžã§ã¯æ–‡å­—ãŒæ°´å¹³ï¼ˆ\kern0pt horizontal\kern0pt ï¼‰ã«ä¸¦ã¶ã‹ã‚‰ã§ã‚ã‚‹.
ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ãŒæ¨ªã®å&nbsp;´åˆã¯ãã®ã¾ã¾ã§å•é¡Œãªã„.
ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ãŒç¸¦ã®å&nbsp;´åˆ, è¡Œã®ä¸­ã§æ–‡å­—ã¯åž‚ç›´ã«ä¸¦ã¶ã®ã&nbsp;ãŒ,
ã‚„ã¯ã‚Š, æ–‡å­—ã‚’ä¸¦ã¹ã¦è¡Œã®ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã‚’ä½œã‚‹ãƒ¢ãƒ¼ãƒ‰ã‚’hãƒ¢ãƒ¼ãƒ‰ã¨è¨€ã„,
ã§ããŸãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã‚’hãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã¨å‘¼ã¶ã“ã¨ã«ã—ãŸ.
æ¨ªçµ„ã¿ã¨ç¸¦çµ„ã¿ã®ä¸¡æ–¹ã§ä½¿ãˆã‚‹ãƒžã‚¯ãƒ­ã‚’ä½œã‚Šã‚„ã™ã„ã‚ˆã†ã«,
`æ¨ªçµ„ã¿ã®è¡Œã®ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹'ã¨`ç¸¦çµ„ã¿ã®è¡Œã®ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹'ã¯åŒã˜åå‰ã®æ–¹ãŒè‰¯ã,
`æ¨ªçµ„ã¿ã®è¡Œã®ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹'ã¯å¾“æ¥ã®hãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã¨åŒã˜ã‚‚ã®ã&nbsp;ã‹ã‚‰,
äº’æ›æ€§ã‚’è€ƒæ…®ã—ã¦ãã®ã‚ˆã†ã«ã—ãŸ.

åŒæ§˜ã«, ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã‚’è¡Œé€ã‚Šæ–¹å‘ã«ä¸¦ã¹ã‚‹ãƒ¢ãƒ¼ãƒ‰ã‚’vãƒ¢ãƒ¼ãƒ‰,
ãã‚Œã‚‰ã‚’é›†ã‚ã¦ä½œã‚‰ã‚ŒãŸãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã‚’vãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã¨å‘¼ã¶ã“ã¨ã«ã—ãŸ.
æ¨ªãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã®vãƒ¢ãƒ¼ãƒ‰ã§ã¯ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã¯ç¸¦ï¼ˆ\kern0pt vertical\kern0pt ï¼‰ã«ä¸¦ã¶ãŒ,
ç¸¦ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã®vãƒ¢ãƒ¼ãƒ‰ã§ã¯ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ãŒæ°´å¹³ã«å³ã‹ã‚‰å·¦ã¸ä¸¦ã¶ã“ã¨ã«ãªã‚‹.

\TeX ã‚’èµ·å‹•ã—ãŸç›´å¾Œã¯æ¨ªãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã®vãƒ¢ãƒ¼ãƒ‰ã§ã‚ã‚Š,
ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã‚’å¤‰ãˆãªã‘ã‚Œã°å¾“æ¥ã®\TeX ã¨äº’æ›æ€§ãŒã‚ã‚‹.
ã¤ã¾ã‚Š, ã“ã“ã§æ–‡å­—ã‚’å…¥åŠ›ã™ã‚‹ã¨æ¨ªãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã®hãƒ¢ãƒ¼ãƒ‰ã«ç§»è¡Œã—,
æ–‡å­—ã‚’å·¦ã‹ã‚‰å³ã«ä¸¦ã¹ã¦ã„ã.
ãƒ©ã‚¤ãƒ³ãƒ–ãƒ¬ãƒ¼ã‚¯ã«ã‚ˆã£ã¦ä½œã‚‰ã‚ŒãŸhãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã¯,
æ¨ªãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã®vãƒ¢ãƒ¼ãƒ‰ã§ä¸Šã‹ã‚‰ä¸‹ã«ä¸¦ã¹ã¦ã„ã.

\TeX ã®ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã‚’å¤‰æ›´ã™ã‚‹ãƒ—ãƒªãƒŸãƒ†ã‚£ãƒ–ã¨ã—ã¦,
\verb|\yoko|, \verb|\tate|ã‚’ç”¨æ„ã—ãŸ.
ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã®å¤‰æ›´ã¯,
ä½œæˆä¸­ã®ãƒªã‚¹ãƒˆã‚„ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã«ä½•ã‚‚å…¥åŠ›ã•ã‚Œã¦ã„ãªã„çŠ¶æ…‹ã§ã®ã¿è¨±ã™ã“ã¨ã«ã—ãŸ.
\TeX ã‚’èµ·å‹•ã—ã¦ä½•ã‚‚å…¥åŠ›ã•ã‚Œã¦ã„ãªã„çŠ¶æ…‹ã§\verb|\tate|ãƒ—ãƒªãƒŸãƒ†ã‚£ãƒ–ã‚’å®Ÿè¡Œã™ã‚‹ã¨,
ç¸¦ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã®vãƒ¢ãƒ¼ãƒ‰ã«ãªã‚‹.
ã“ã“ã§æ–‡å­—ã‚’å…¥åŠ›ã™ã‚‹ã¨ç¸¦ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã®hãƒ¢ãƒ¼ãƒ‰ã«ç§»è¡Œã—
æ–‡å­—ã‚’ä¸Šã‹ã‚‰ä¸‹ã«ä¸¦ã¹ã¦ã„ã.
ãƒ©ã‚¤ãƒ³ãƒ–ãƒ¬ãƒ¼ã‚¯ã«ã‚ˆã£ã¦ä½œã‚‰ã‚ŒãŸhãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã¯,
ç¸¦ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã®vãƒ¢ãƒ¼ãƒ‰ã§å³ã‹ã‚‰å·¦ã«ä¸¦ã¹ã¦ã„ã.

ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã®å¤§ãã•ï¼ˆãƒ™ãƒ¼ã‚¹ãƒ©ã‚¤ãƒ³ã®ä½ç½®ï¼‰ã‚’è¡¨ã™ç”¨èªžã¨ã—ã¦,
\TeX ã§ã¯Width, Depth, Heightã¨ã„ã†è¨€è‘‰ã‚’ä½¿ã£ã¦ã„ã‚‹.
\pTeX ã§ã¯,
ã“ã‚Œã‚‰ã®è¨€è‘‰ã‚’, ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã®å­—é€ã‚Šæ–¹å‘ã®å¤§ãã•ï¼ˆ\kern0pt Width\kern0pt ï¼‰,
è¡Œé€ã‚Šæ–¹å‘å´ã®å¤§ãã•ï¼ˆ\kern0pt Depth\kern0pt ï¼‰,
è¡Œé€ã‚Šæ–¹å‘ã®åå¯¾å´ã®å¤§ãã•ï¼ˆ\kern0pt Height\kern0pt ï¼‰ã§ã‚ã‚‹ã¨å®šç¾©ã—ãŸ.
ã‚ˆã£ã¦, ç¸¦ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ä¸­ã®ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã§ã¯, ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã®é«˜ã•ã‚’$W$ã¨ã„ã„,
å·¦å´ã®å¹…ã‚’$D$ã¨ã„ã„, å³å´ã®å¹…ã‚’$H$ã¨ã„ã†.
\begin{quote} \begin{picture}(50,24)(0,4)
	\put(4,26){\makebox(24,0)[b]{æ¨ªãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ä¸­ã®ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹}}
	\put(4,24){\begin{picture}(0,0)(0,0)
		\thicklines
		\put(0,0){\vector(1,0){6}}
		\put(0,0.5){\makebox(6,0)[b]{\small å­—é€ã‚Šæ–¹å‘}}
		\put(0,0){\vector(0,-11){6}}
		\put(0,-6){\makebox(0,0)[t]{\small è¡Œé€ã‚Šæ–¹å‘}}
	\end{picture}}
	\put(6,6){\begin{picture}(0,0)(0,0)
		\thicklines
		\put(6,0){\framebox(12,10){}} \put(6,4){\line(1,0){12}}

		\thinlines
		\put(0,4){\line(1,0){5}} \put(19,4){\line(1,0){5}}
		\put(3,0){\line(1,0){2}} \put(3,10){\line(1,0){2}}
		\put(6,11){\line(0,1){2}} \put(18,11){\line(0,1){2}}

		\put(4,0){\vector(0,1){4}} \put(4,0){\vector(0,-1){0}}
		\put(3.5,0){\makebox(0,4)[r]{$D$}}
		\put(4,10){\vector(0,-1){6}} \put(4,10){\vector(0,1){0}}
		\put(3.5,4){\makebox(0,6)[r]{$H$}}
		\put(6,12){\vector(1,0){12}} \put(6,12){\vector(-1,0){0}}
		\put(6,12.5){\makebox(12,0)[b]{$W$}}
	\end{picture}}
	\put(35,26){\makebox(18,0)[b]{ç¸¦ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ä¸­ã®ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹}}
	\put(53,24){\begin{picture}(0,0)(0,0)
		\thicklines
		\put(0,0){\vector(-1,0){6}}
		\put(-6,0.5){\makebox(6,0)[b]{\small è¡Œé€ã‚Šæ–¹å‘}}
		\put(0,0){\vector(0,-11){6}}
		\put(0,-6){\makebox(0,0)[t]{\small å­—é€ã‚Šæ–¹å‘}}
	\end{picture}}
	\put(35,0){\begin{picture}(0,0)(0,0)
		\thicklines
		\put(0,6){\framebox(10,12){}} \put(4,6){\line(0,1){12}}

		\thinlines
		\put(4,19){\line(0,1){5}} \put(4,0){\line(0,1){5}}
		\put(0,19){\line(0,1){2}} \put(10,19){\line(0,1){2}}
		\put(11,6){\line(1,0){2}} \put(11,18){\line(1,0){2}}

		\put(12,6){\vector(0,1){12}} \put(12,6){\vector(0,-1){0}}
		\put(12.5,6){\makebox(0,12)[l]{$W$}}

		\put(4,20){\vector(-1,0){4}} \put(4,20){\vector(1,0){0}}
		\put(0,20.5){\makebox(4,0)[b]{$D$}}
		\put(4,20){\vector(1,0){6}} \put(4,20){\vector(-1,0){0}}
		\put(4,20.5){\makebox(6,0)[b]{$H$}}
	\end{picture}}
\end{picture} \end{quote}

\subsection{ç•°ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã®ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹}

ä¸€ã¤ã®æ–‡æ›¸, ä¸€æžšã®ãƒšãƒ¼ã‚¸ã§ã‚ã£ã¦ã‚‚éƒ¨åˆ†ã«ã‚ˆã£ã¦çµ„ã¿æ–¹å‘ã‚’å¤‰ãˆã‚‰ã‚Œã‚‹ã‚ˆã†ã«,
çµ„ã¿æ–¹å‘ã®æ··åœ¨ã‚’è¨±ã™ã“ã¨ã«ã—ãŸ.
ãŸã¨ãˆã°, è¡¨ã®ä¸­ã§é&nbsp;…ç›®ã«ã‚ˆã£ã¦ç¸¦çµ„ã¿/æ¨ªçµ„ã¿ã‚’ä½¿ã„åˆ†ã‘ã‚‹ã“ã¨ãŒå¯èƒ½ã«ãªã‚Œã°
è¡¨ç¾åŠ›ãŒå¢—ã™ã“ã¨ã«ãªã‚‹.
ã¾ãŸ, ç¸¦çµ„ã¿ä¸­ã§æ•°æ¡ã®æ•°ã‚’è¡¨ç¾ã™ã‚‹ã¨ã,
ã‚¢ãƒ©ãƒ“ã‚¢æ•°å­—ã‚’æ¨ªçµ„ã¿ã«ã—ã¦ç¸¦çµ„ã¿ä¸­ã«æŒ¿å…¥ã™ã‚‹ã“ã¨ãŒã‚ã‚‹.
ã“ã‚Œã‚’å‡ºç‰ˆæ¥­ç•Œã§ã¯é€£æ•°å­—ã¨è¨€ã†ãŒ, ã“ã‚Œã‚‚çµ„ã¿æ–¹å‘ã®æ··åœ¨æ©Ÿèƒ½ã§å®Ÿç¾ã§ãã‚‹.

çµ„ã¿æ–¹å‘ã®æ··åœ¨ã‚’è¨±ã™ã¨ã„ã†ã“ã¨ã¯, ä¸€ã¤ã®æ–‡æ›¸ã«,
å†…éƒ¨ã®æ–‡å­—ãŒæ¨ªã«ä¸¦ã¶æ¨ªçµ„ã¿ã®hãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã¨,
ç¸¦ã«ä¸¦ã¶ç¸¦çµ„ã¿ã®hãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã®, 2ç¨®é¡žã®hãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ãŒå­˜åœ¨ã™ã‚‹ã“ã¨ã«ãªã‚‹.
ç¸¦/æ¨ªã©ã¡ã‚‰ã®ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã§ä½œã‚‰ã‚ŒãŸãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã§ã‚ã‚‹ã‹, ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã”ã¨ã«è¨˜éŒ²ã—ã¦,
ã“ã‚Œã‚‰ã®çµ„ã¿æ–¹å‘ã®ç•°ãªã‚‹ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã‚’åŒºåˆ¥ã™ã‚‹ã“ã¨ã«ã—ãŸ.

\verb|\hbox|, \verb|\vbox|ãªã©ã§ä½œã‚‰ã‚Œã‚‹ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã¯, é€šå¸¸,
\verb|\hbox|, \verb|\vbox|ãŒå®Ÿè¡Œã•ã‚ŒãŸã¨ãã®\TeX ã®ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã¨
åŒã˜ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã‚’æŒã¤.
ã—ã‹ã—ä»¥ä¸‹ã®ã‚ˆã†ã«\verb|\yoko|ãƒ—ãƒªãƒŸãƒ†ã‚£ãƒ–ã‚’ä½¿ã†ã¨,
ç¸¦ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã®ä¸­ã«,
`123'ã¨ã„ã†å†…å®¹ã®æ¨ªãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã‚’æŒã¤hãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã‚’ç½®ãã“ã¨ã‚‚ã§ãã‚‹.
\begin{quote}
	ï¼ˆç¸¦ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ï¼‰\\
	\verb|\hbox{\yoko 123}|
\end{quote}

\verb|\hbox|, \verb|\vbox|ã§ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã®ç•°ãªã‚‹ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã‚’ä½œã‚‹ã¨,
æ¨ªãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã‚’æŒã¤ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã¯, ç¸¦çµ„ã¿ä¸­ã§ã¯
$W_t=H_y+D_y$, $H_t=W_y/2$, $D_t=W_y/2$
ï¼ˆ$H_y$ã¯, ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã®æ¨ªãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ä¸­ã«ãŠã‘ã‚‹$H$ï¼‰ã¨ãªã‚‹.
ç¸¦ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã‚’æŒã¤ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã¯, æ¨ªçµ„ã¿ä¸­ã§ã¯
$W_y=H_t+D_t$, $H_y=W_t$, $D_y=0$ã¨ãªã‚‹.

\begin{quote} \begin{picture}(50,24)(0,0)
	\put(0,22){\makebox(16,0)[b]{ç¸¦çµ„ã¿ä¸­ã®æ¨ªçµ„ã¿ã®ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹}}
	\put(0,0){\begin{picture}(0,0)(0,0)
		\thicklines
		\put(0,6){\framebox(12,10){}} \put(0,10){\line(1,0){12}}

		\thinlines
		\put(2,10){\vector(0,-1){4}} \put(2,10){\vector(0,1){0}}
		\put(2.5,6){\makebox(0,4)[l]{$D_y$}}
		\put(2,10){\vector(0,1){6}} \put(2,10){\vector(0,-1){0}}
		\put(2.5,10){\makebox(0,4)[l]{$H_y$}}
		\put(0,14){\vector(1,0){12}} \put(0,14){\vector(-1,0){0}}
		\put(0,13.5){\makebox(12,0)[t]{$W_y$}}

		\put(6,0){\line(0,1){5}} \put(6,17){\line(0,1){5}}
		\put(0,17){\line(0,1){2}} \put(12,17){\line(0,1){2}}
		\put(13,6){\line(1,0){2}} \put(13,16){\line(1,0){2}}

		\put(14,6){\vector(0,1){10}} \put(14,6){\vector(0,-1){0}}
		\put(14.5,6){\makebox(0,10)[l]{$W_t$}}
		\put(6,18){\vector(-1,0){6}} \put(6,18){\vector(1,0){0}}
		\put(0,18.5){\makebox(6,0)[b]{$D_t$}}
		\put(6,18){\vector(1,0){6}} \put(6,18){\vector(-1,0){0}}
		\put(6,18.5){\makebox(6,0)[b]{$H_t$}}
	\end{picture}}
	\put(30,22){\makebox(22,0)[b]{æ¨ªçµ„ã¿ä¸­ã®ç¸¦çµ„ã¿ã®ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹}}
	\put(30,4){\begin{picture}(0,0)
		\thicklines
		\put(6,0){\framebox(10,12){}} \put(10,0){\line(0,1){12}}

		\thinlines
		\put(14,0){\vector(0,1){12}} \put(14,0){\vector(0,-1){0}}
		\put(13.5,0){\makebox(0,12)[r]{$W_t$}}
		\put(10,10){\vector(-1,0){4}} \put(10,10){\vector(1,0){0}}
		\put(6,9.5){\makebox(4,0)[t]{$D_t$}}
		\put(10,10){\vector(1,0){6}} \put(10,10){\vector(-1,0){0}}
		\put(10,9.5){\makebox(4,0)[t]{$H_t$}}

		\put(0,0){\line(1,0){5}} \put(17,0){\line(1,0){5}}
		\put(3,12){\line(1,0){2}}
		\put(6,13){\line(0,1){2}} \put(16,13){\line(0,1){2}}

		\put(4,0){\line(0,-1){2}} \put(4,0){\vector(0,1){0}}
		\put(3.5,-2){\makebox(0,2)[r]{$D_y$}}
		\put(4,0){\vector(0,1){12}} \put(4,0){\vector(0,-1){0}}
		\put(3.5,0){\makebox(0,12)[r]{$H_y$}}
		\put(6,14){\vector(1,0){10}} \put(6,14){\vector(-1,0){0}}
		\put(6,14.5){\makebox(10,0)[b]{$W_y$}}
	\end{picture}}
\end{picture} \end{quote}

äºŒã¤ã®å&nbsp;´åˆã§$W$, $D$, $H$ã®ç®—å‡ºæ–¹æ³•ãŒç•°ãªã‚‹ã®ã¯,
ç¸¦çµ„ã¿, æ¨ªçµ„ã¿ã§ã®æ–‡å­—ã®æ‰±ã„ã®é•ã„ï¼ˆ\ref{jfont}å‚ç…§ï¼‰ã‚’åæ˜&nbsp;ã—ã¦ã„ã‚‹.

\TeX ã«ã¯256å€‹ã®ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ãƒ¬ã‚¸ã‚¹ã‚¿ãŒç”¨æ„ã•ã‚Œã¦ã„ã¦
\begin{quote}
	\verb|\setbox123\hbox{\yoko |\angle{æ–‡}\verb|}|
\end{quote}
ã¨æ›¸ã‘ã°, ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ãƒ¬ã‚¸ã‚¹ã‚¿ã®123ç•ªã«\angle{æ–‡}ã‚’å†…å®¹ã¨ã™ã‚‹
æ¨ªãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã®hãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ãŒç™»éŒ²ã•ã‚Œã‚‹.
ç™»éŒ²ã•ã‚ŒãŸãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã¯
\begin{quote} \begin{verbatim}
	\advance\ht123 by \dp123
	\dp123=0
\end{verbatim} \end{quote}
ã®ã‚ˆã†ã«, \verb|\wd|, \verb|\dp|, \verb|\ht|ã‚’ä½¿ã£ã¦
ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã®å¤§ãã•ã‚„ãƒ™ãƒ¼ã‚¹ãƒ©ã‚¤ãƒ³ã®ä½ç½®ã‚’è‡ªç”±ã«å¤‰ãˆã‚‹ã“ã¨ãŒã§ãã‚‹.
\pTeX ã§ã¯, ãƒ¬ã‚¸ã‚¹ã‚¿ã®å†…å®¹ã¯
\begin{quote} \begin{verbatim}
	\hbox{\tate\copy123}
	\hbox{\yoko\box123}
\end{verbatim} \end{quote}
ã®ã‚ˆã†ã«ã©ã®ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã§ä½¿ç”¨ã•ã‚Œã‚‹ã‹ã‚ã‹ã‚‰ãš,
ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ãŒä½¿ç”¨ã•ã‚Œã‚‹ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã«ã‚ˆã£ã¦, $W$, $D$, $H$ã¯ç•°ãªã‚‹å€¤ã‚’æŒã¤.
ãã“ã§\verb|\wd|ãªã©ã‚‚,
ãã®ã¨ãã®ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ç”¨ã®$W$ãªã©ã‚’ã‚¢ã‚¯ã‚»ã‚¹ã™ã‚‹ã“ã¨ã«ã—ãŸ.
\begin{quote}
	\verb|\hbox{\yoko \global\wd123=|\angle{ç¸¦é«˜ã•}\verb|}|\\
	\verb|\hbox{\tate \global\wd123=|\angle{æ¨ªå¹…}\verb|}|\\
	\verb|\hbox{\tate\copy123}|\\
	\verb|\hbox{\yoko\box123}|
\end{quote}
ã®ã‚ˆã†ã«æ›¸ã‘ã°, 3è¡Œç›®ã®\verb|\copy123|ã®$W$ã¯\angle{ç¸¦é«˜ã•}ã§ã‚ã‚Š,
4è¡Œç›®ã®\verb|\box123|ã®$W$ã¯\angle{æ¨ªå¹…}ã§ã‚ã‚‹.

ã“ã®å&nbsp;´åˆæ³¨æ„ã—ãªã‘ã‚Œã°ãªã‚‰ãªã„ã®ã¯,
\verb|\hbox|, \verb|\vbox|ã§ä½œã‚‰ã‚ŒãŸãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã¯
$W_t=H_y+D_y$, $W_y=H_t+D_t$ã§ã‚ã‚‹ãŒ,
\verb|\wd|, \verb|\dp|, \verb|\ht|ã‚’ä½¿ã£ã¦$W$, $D$, $H$ã‚’å¤‰æ›´ã™ã‚‹ã¨
ã“ã®é–¢ä¿‚ã¯å¿…ãšã—ã‚‚æˆç«‹ã—ãªã„ã¨ã„ã†ã“ã¨ã§ã‚ã‚‹.
ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã«ã‚ˆã£ã¦ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã®å¤§ãã•ãŒå¤‰åŒ–ã™ã‚‹ã“ã¨ã«ãªã‚‹.

\subsection{ç•°ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã®ã‚¢ã‚¸ãƒ£ã‚¹ãƒˆ, ã‚¤ãƒ³ã‚µãƒ¼ãƒˆ}

vãƒ¢ãƒ¼ãƒ‰ã‚„å†…éƒ¨vãƒ¢ãƒ¼ãƒ‰ã®ä¸­ã®hãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã®ä¸­ã«\verb|\vadjust|ã‚’ä½¿ã†ã¨,
vãƒªã‚¹ãƒˆã®ãã®ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã®æ¬¡ã«, \verb|\vadjust|ã®å†…å®¹ãŒæŒ¿å…¥ã•ã‚Œã‚‹.
ä»¥ä¸‹ã®ã‚ˆã†ã«ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã®ç•°ãªã‚‹hãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã®ä¸­ã§ã‚‚
æ”¯éšœãªã\verb|vadjust|ãŒä½¿ãˆã‚‹ã‚ˆã†ã«ã—ãŸ.
\begin{quote}
	ï¼ˆç¸¦ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³, vãƒ¢ãƒ¼ãƒ‰ï¼‰\\
	\verb|\hbox{\yoko |\ldots\verb|\vadjust{|\ldots\verb|}|\ldots\verb|}|
\end{quote}
\verb|\vadjust|ã®ä¸­æ‹¬å¼§ã®å†…å´ã¯, è‡ªå‹•çš„ã«,
ãã‚ŒãŒã‚¢ã‚¸ãƒ£ã‚¹ãƒˆã•ã‚Œã‚‹ãƒªã‚¹ãƒˆã®ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã§ã‚ã‚‹ç¸¦ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã«ãªã‚‹.

\verb|\insert|ã®å&nbsp;´åˆ, ã‚¯ãƒ©ã‚¹ã«ã‚ˆã£ã¦ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã‚’å¤‰ãˆãŸã„å&nbsp;´åˆã‚‚ã‚ã‚‹.
ãŸã¨ãˆã°æ–‡æ›¸å…¨ä½“ã¯ç¸¦çµ„ã¿ã§, è„šæ³¨ã¯æ¨ªçµ„ã¿ã™ã‚‹ã¨ã—ã‚ˆã†.
å›³ã‚’ã‚¯ãƒ©ã‚¹12ã®ã‚¤ãƒ³ã‚µãƒ¼ãƒˆã§, è„šæ³¨ã‚’ã‚¯ãƒ©ã‚¹34ã®ã‚¤ãƒ³ã‚µãƒ¼ãƒˆã§å‡¦ç†ã™ã‚‹ã“ã¨ã«ã™ã‚‹.
\begin{quote}
	ï¼ˆç¸¦ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³, vãƒ¢ãƒ¼ãƒ‰ï¼‰\\
	\ldots\verb|\insert12{\tate |\ldots\verb|}|\ldots\\
	\ldots\verb|\insert34{\yoko |\ldots\verb|}|\ldots\\
	\ldots\verb|\insert12{\tate |\ldots\verb|}|\ldots\\
	\ldots\verb|\insert34{\yoko |\ldots\verb|}|\ldots
\end{quote}
ã“ã®ã‚ˆã†ã«æ›¸ã‘ã°,
ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ãƒ¬ã‚¸ã‚¹ã‚¿12ã«ã¯ç¸¦ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã§å›³ãŒé›†ã‚ã‚‰ã‚Œ,
ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ãƒ¬ã‚¸ã‚¹ã‚¿34ã«ã¯æ¨ªãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã§è„šæ³¨ãŒé›†ã‚ã‚‰ã‚Œã‚‹ã‚ˆã†ã«ã—ãŸ.
ãªãŠ, åŒã˜ã‚¯ãƒ©ã‚¹ã«é•ã†ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã‚’æ··ãœã¦ä½¿ã†ã“ã¨ã¯ã§ããªã„.


\section{ç¸¦çµ„ã¿ã«ä½¿ç”¨ã™ã‚‹æ–‡å­—} \label{font}

\subsection{ç¸¦çµ„ã¿ç”¨æ—¥æœ¬èªžãƒ•ã‚©ãƒ³ãƒˆ}

\TeX ã¯å„ãƒ•ã‚©ãƒ³ãƒˆã«ä¸€ã¤ãšã¤ç”¨æ„ã•ã‚Œã¦ã„ã‚‹
{\tt TFM}ï¼ˆ\kern0pt{\it\TeX\/} {\it F\/}ont {\it M\/}etric\kern0pt ï¼‰ãƒ•ã‚¡ã‚¤ãƒ«ã‚’
å‚ç…§ã—ã¦çµ„ç‰ˆã‚’è¡Œã†.
{\tt TFM}ãƒ•ã‚¡ã‚¤ãƒ«ã«ã¯ãã®ãƒ•ã‚©ãƒ³ãƒˆã«å«ã¾ã‚Œã‚‹å„æ–‡å­—ã®å¤§ãã•ãªã©
çµ„ç‰ˆã«å¿…è¦ãªæƒ…å&nbsp;±ãŒå®šç¾©ã—ã¦ã‚ã‚‹.

\pTeX ã§ã‚‚åŒæ§˜ã§ã‚ã‚‹ãŒ, æ—¥æœ¬èªžã®ãƒ•ã‚©ãƒ³ãƒˆã®å&nbsp;´åˆ, åŒã˜æ›¸ä½“ã§ã‚‚
ç¸¦çµ„ã¿ã§ä½¿ã†ã‹æ¨ªçµ„ã¿ã§ä½¿ã†ã‹ã«ã‚ˆã£ã¦, çµ„ç‰ˆã«å¿…è¦ãªæƒ…å&nbsp;±ã¯å¤‰ã‚ã£ã¦ãã‚‹.
ãŸã¨ãˆã°, ``ã‚Š''ã¨ã„ã†æ–‡å­—ã¯æ¯”è¼ƒçš„ç¸¦ã«é•·ã„æ–‡å­—ã§ã‚ã‚‹ãŒ,
ã“ã®ã‚ˆã†ãªæ–‡å­—ã¯æ¨ªçµ„ã¿ã§ã¯ã¨ãªã‚Šã®æ–‡å­—ã¨ã®é–“éš”ã‚’ã¤ã‚ã¦çµ„ã‚€ã“ã¨ã¯ã§ãã¦ã‚‚,
ç¸¦çµ„ã¿ã§ã¯ã‚ã‚‹ç¨‹åº¦é–“éš”ã‚’ç©ºã‘ãªã„ã¨èª­ã¿ã«ãããªã£ã¦ã—ã¾ã†.
ãã“ã§, æ¨ªçµ„ã¿æ™‚ã¨ç¸¦çµ„ã¿æ™‚ã§ã¯,
åˆ¥ã®\verb|TFM|ãƒ•ã‚¡ã‚¤ãƒ«ã‚’å‚ç…§ã—ã¦çµ„ç‰ˆã™ã‚‹ã“ã¨ã«ã—ãŸ.
\TeX ã‹ã‚‰è¦‹ã‚‹ã¨, ç¸¦çµ„ã¿ã¨æ¨ªçµ„ã¿ã§ã¯åˆ¥ã®ãƒ•ã‚©ãƒ³ãƒˆã‚’ä½¿ã£ã¦ã„ã‚‹ã‚ˆã†ã«
è¦‹ãˆã‚‹ã“ã¨ã«ãªã‚‹.
ãŸã&nbsp;ã—, çµ„ã¿æ–¹å‘ã«ã‚ˆã‚‹ãƒ•ã‚©ãƒ³ãƒˆã®åˆ‡ã‚Šæ›¿ãˆã¯,
ãƒ¦ãƒ¼ã‚¶ãƒ¼ãŒæ°—ã«ã™ã‚‹å¿…è¦ãŒãªã„ã‚ˆã†ã«è‡ªå‹•çš„ã«è¡Œã†ã‚ˆã†ã«ã—ãŸ.
å’Œæ–‡ç”¨ã®ã‚«ãƒ¬ãƒ³ãƒˆãƒ•ã‚©ãƒ³ãƒˆã‚’2ã¤ç”¨æ„ã—,
ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã«ã‚ˆã£ã¦è‡ªå‹•çš„ã«åˆ‡ã‚Šæ›¿ãˆã‚‹ã‚ˆã†ã«ã—ã¦ã‚ã‚‹.
ã¾ãŸ{\tt TFM}ãƒ•ã‚¡ã‚¤ãƒ«ã«ç¸¦çµ„ã¿ç”¨ã‹æ¨ªçµ„ã¿ç”¨ã‹ã®æƒ…å&nbsp;±ã‚’åŸ‹ã‚è¾¼ã¿,
ãƒ•ã‚©ãƒ³ãƒˆã‚’æŒ‡å®šã—ãŸã¨ã, è‡ªå‹•çš„ã«é©åˆ‡ãªã‚«ãƒ¬ãƒ³ãƒˆãƒ•ã‚©ãƒ³ãƒˆã‚’åˆ‡ã‚Šæ›¿ãˆã‚‹ã‚ˆã†ã«ã—ãŸ.

\label{jfont}
æ¨ªçµ„ã¿ã§ã¯, ãƒ™ãƒ¼ã‚¹ãƒ©ã‚¤ãƒ³ã¯æ–‡å­—ã®ä¸‹ã®æ–¹ã‚’é€šã£ã¦ã„ã‚‹.
ç¸¦çµ„ã¿ã®å’Œæ–‡ãƒ•ã‚©ãƒ³ãƒˆã¯, ãƒ™ãƒ¼ã‚¹ãƒ©ã‚¤ãƒ³ãŒæ–‡å­—ã®ä¸­å¤®ã‚’é€šã‚‹ã“ã¨ã«ã—ãŸ.
è¡Œã®é€”ä¸­ã§æ–‡å­—ã®å¤§ãã•ã‚’å¤‰ãˆãŸã¨ã, ãã®ã»ã†ãŒè‡ªç„¶ã&nbsp;ã¨åˆ¤æ–­ã—ãŸã‹ã‚‰ã§ã‚ã‚‹.

\subsection{ç¸¦çµ„ã¿ä¸­ã®æ¬§æ–‡}

ç¸¦çµ„ã¿ã®éƒ¨åˆ†ã«æ¬§æ–‡ã‚„æ•°å¼ãŒå‡ºã¦ãã‚‹ã¨,
å¾“æ¥ã®\TeX ã®æ¬§æ–‡ç”¨ãƒ•ã‚©ãƒ³ãƒˆã‚’$90^\circ$å›žè»¢ã—ã¦ä¸Šã‹ã‚‰ä¸‹ã«å‘ã‹ã£ã¦çµ„ã‚“ã§ã„ã.
ã“ã‚Œã¯æ™®é€šã«æ¨ªã«çµ„ã‚“ã&nbsp;æ¬§æ–‡ã‚’, 90åº¦å›žè»¢ã•ã›ãŸã‚ˆã†ãªçµæžœã«ãªã‚‹.
ã¨ã“ã‚ãŒ, \ref{jfont}ã§èª¬æ˜Žã—ãŸã‚ˆã†ã«,
ç¸¦çµ„ã¿ã®å’Œæ–‡ã®ãƒ™ãƒ¼ã‚¹ãƒ©ã‚¤ãƒ³ã¯æ–‡å­—ã®ä¸­å¿ƒã‚’é€šã‚‹ã‚ˆã†ã«ã—ãŸã®ã§,
ãã“ã«æ¬§æ–‡ã®ãƒ™ãƒ¼ã‚¹ãƒ©ã‚¤ãƒ³ã‚’ä¸€è‡´ã•ã›ã‚‹ã¨è¡ŒãŒãšã‚Œã¦è¦‹ãˆã¦ã—ã¾ã†.
ãã“ã§, \verb|\tbaselineshift|ã¨ã„ã†dimenå¤‰æ•°ã‚’ç”¨æ„ã—,
ãã®å¯¸æ³•ã&nbsp;ã‘ç¸¦çµ„ã¿ä¸­ã®æ¬§æ–‡ã®ãƒ™ãƒ¼ã‚¹ãƒ©ã‚¤ãƒ³ã‚’ã‚·ãƒ•ãƒˆã•ã›ã‚‹ã“ã¨ã«ã—ãŸ.

æ¨ªçµ„ã¿ã§ã‚‚, å’Œæ–‡ã¨æ¬§æ–‡ã®ãƒ™ãƒ¼ã‚¹ãƒ©ã‚¤ãƒ³ã®ä½ç½®ã‚’ç´°ã‹ãèª¿ç¯€ã—ãªã„ã¨,
ãƒ•ã‚©ãƒ³ãƒˆã®ãƒ‡ã‚¶ã‚¤ãƒ³ã«ã‚ˆã£ã¦ã¯ãƒãƒ©ãƒ³ã‚¹ãŒæ‚ªããªã‚‹å&nbsp;´åˆãŒã‚ã‚Š,
\verb|\ybaselineshift|ã‚’ç”¨æ„ã—ã¦èª¿ç¯€å¯èƒ½ã«ã—ãŸ.

\begin{quote} \begin{picture}(0,46)
	\put(4,41){\line(0,1){5}}
	\put(4,40){\begin{picture}(0,0)
		\thicklines
		\put(-7,-14){\framebox(14,14){ç¸¦çµ„ã¿ã®æ¼¢å­—}}
		\put(0,0){\line(0,-1){14}}

		\thinlines
		\put(8,0){\line(1,0){2}} \put(8,-14){\line(1,0){2}}
		\put(-7,1){\line(0,1){2}} \put(7,1){\line(0,1){2}}

		\put(9,0){\vector(0,-1){14}} \put(9,0){\vector(0,1){0}}
		\put(9.5,-14){\makebox(0,14)[l]{$W$}}
		\put(0,2){\vector(1,0){7}} \put(0,2){\vector(-1,0){0.0}}
		\put(0,2.5){\makebox(7,0)[b]{$H$}}
		\put(0,2){\vector(-1,0){7}} \put(0,2){\vector(1,0){0.0}}
		\put(-7,2.5){\makebox(7,0)[b]{$D$}}
	\end{picture}}
	\put(4,19){\line(0,1){6}} \put(0,19){\line(0,1){5}}
	\put(0,23){\vector(1,0){4}} \put(0,23){\vector(-1,0){0}}
	\put(4.5,23){\makebox(0,0)[l]{\tt \char92 tbaselineshift}}
	\put(0,18){\begin{picture}(0,0)
		\thicklines
		\put(-4,-12){\framebox(12,12){è‹±å­—ï¼ˆ$90^\circ$ å›žè»¢ï¼‰}}
		\put(0,0){\line(0,-1){12}}

		\thinlines
		\put(-4,1){\line(0,1){2}} \put(8,1){\line(0,1){2}}
		\put(9,0){\line(1,0){2}} \put(9,-12){\line(1,0){2}}

		\put(-4,2){\vector(1,0){4}} \put(-4,2){\vector(-1,0){0}}
		\put(-4,2.5){\makebox(4,0)[b]{$D$}}
		\put(0,2){\vector(1,0){8}} \put(0,2){\vector(-1,0){0}}
		\put(4,2.5){\makebox(4,0)[b]{$H$}}
		\put(10,0){\vector(0,-1){12}} \put(10,0){\vector(0,1){0}}
		\put(10.5,0){\makebox(0,-12)[l]{$W$}}
	\end{picture}}
	\put(4,0){\line(0,1){5}}

	\put(16,8){\line(1,0){5}}
	\put(22,8){\begin{picture}(0,0)
		\thicklines
		\put(0,-2){\framebox(14,14){æ¨ªçµ„ã¿ã®æ¼¢å­—}}
		\put(0,0){\line(1,0){14}}

		\thinlines
		\put(-3,-2){\line(1,0){2}} \put(-3,12){\line(1,0){2}}
		\put(0,13){\line(0,1){2}} \put(14,13){\line(0,1){2}}
		\put(-2,0){\vector(0,-1){2}} \put(-2,0){\vector(0,1){0}}
		\put(-2.5,-2){\makebox(0,2)[r]{$D$}}
		\put(-2,0){\vector(0,1){12}} \put(-2,0){\vector(0,-1){0}}
		\put(-2.5,0.0){\makebox(0.0,12.0)[r]{$H$}}
		\put(0,14){\vector(1,0){14}} \put(0,14){\vector(-1,0){0}}
		\put(0,14.5){\makebox(14,0.0)[b]{$W$}}
	\end{picture}}
	\put(37,8){\line(1,0){6}} \put(38,9){\line(1,0){5}}
	\put(39,9){\vector(0,-1){0}} \put(39,8){\vector(0,1){0}}
	\put(39,4){\line(0,1){7}}
	\put(39,3.5){\makebox(0,0)[t]{\tt \char92 ybaselineshift}}
	\put(44,9){\begin{picture}(0,0)
		\thicklines
		\put(0,-4){\framebox(12,12){è‹±å­—ï¼ˆæ­£ç«‹ï¼‰}}
		\put(0,0){\line(1,0){12}}

		\thinlines
		\put(-3,-4){\line(1,0){2}} \put(-3,8){\line(1,0){2}}
		\put(0,9){\line(0,1){2}} \put(12,9){\line(0,1){2}}

		\put(-2,0){\vector(0,-1){4}} \put(-2,0){\vector(0,1){0}}
		\put(-2.5,-4){\makebox(0,4)[r]{$D$}}
		\put(-2,0){\vector(0,1){8}} \put(-2,0){\vector(0,-1){0}}
		\put(-2.5,0){\makebox(0,8)[r]{$H$}}
		\put(0,10){\vector(1,0){12}} \put(0,10){\vector(-1,0){0}}
		\put(0,10.5){\makebox(12,0)[b]{$W$}}
	\end{picture}}
	\put(57,8){\line(1,0){5}}
\end{picture} \end{quote}


\section{ç¸¦çµ„ã¿ä¸­ã®æ•°å¼}

ç¸¦çµ„ã¿ä¸­ã®æ•°å¼ã‚‚, æ¬§æ–‡ã¨åŒæ§˜ã«ã‚·ãƒ•ãƒˆã•ã›ãªã‘ã‚Œã°ãªã‚‰ãªã„.
\TeX ã®æ•°å¼ã«ã¯, åˆ†æ•°ã®ç·šã®é«˜ã•ãªã©ã‚’æ±ºå®šã™ã‚‹ãŸã‚ã®
axisï¼ˆè»¸ï¼‰ã¨ã„ã†æ¦‚å¿µãŒã‚ã‚‹ã®ã§, ã“ã‚Œã§ã‚·ãƒ•ãƒˆé‡ã‚’æ±ºå®šã™ã‚‹ã“ã¨ã«ã—ãŸ.

å•é¡Œã¯æ¬¡ã®ã‚ˆã†ãªå&nbsp;´åˆã§ã‚ã‚‹.
\begin{quote}
	ï¼ˆç¸¦ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³, hãƒ¢ãƒ¼ãƒ‰ï¼‰\\
	\ldots\verb|$ \hbox{$ |\angle{æ•°å¼}\verb| $} $|\ldots
\end{quote}
ã“ã®å&nbsp;´åˆ, æ•°å¼ãƒ¢ãƒ¼ãƒ‰ãŒãƒã‚¹ãƒ†ã‚£ãƒ³ã‚°ã•ã‚Œã‚‹ã“ã¨ã«ãªã‚‹ã®ã§,
å†…å´ã®\angle{æ•°å¼}ã¯2å›žã‚·ãƒ•ãƒˆã•ã‚Œã‚‹ã“ã¨ã«ãªã£ã¦ã—ã¾ã†.
ã“ã‚Œã‚’é¿ã‘ã‚‹ãŸã‚, \verb|$| ã®å†…å´ã¯,
æ™®é€šã®ç¸¦ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã§ã¯ãªã„ç¸¦æ•°å¼ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã«ç§»è¡Œã™ã‚‹ã“ã¨ã«ã—ãŸ.
ç¸¦æ•°å¼ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã§ã¯
æ–‡å­—ã‚„ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã®ä¸¦ã¶æ–¹å‘ã¯ç¸¦ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã¨åŒã˜ã§ã‚ã‚‹ãŒ,
ãã®ä»–ã®å‹•ä½œã¯æ¨ªçµ„ã¿ã¨åŒæ§˜ã§ã‚ã‚‹.
æ•°å¼ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ä¸­ã§æ•°å¼ãƒ¢ãƒ¼ãƒ‰ã«ç§»è¡Œã—ã¦ã‚‚ã‚·ãƒ•ãƒˆã¯è¡Œã‚ãš,
ã¾ãŸ, æ—¥æœ¬èªžã®ãƒ•ã‚©ãƒ³ãƒˆã¯æ¨ªçµ„ã¿ã‚«ãƒ¬ãƒ³ãƒˆãƒ•ã‚©ãƒ³ãƒˆã‚’ä½¿ç”¨ã™ã‚‹.
ã¤ã¾ã‚Š, æ•°å¼ã¯æ¨ªçµ„ã¿ã§çµ„ã‚“ã&nbsp;ã‚‚ã®ã‚’æ™‚è¨ˆå›žã‚Šã«90åº¦å›žè»¢ã—ã¦,
ç¸¦çµ„ã¿ä¸­ã«æŒ¿å…¥ã™ã‚‹å½¢ã«ãªã‚‹.

ä¾¿å®œçš„ã«, æ¨ªçµ„ã¿ã§ã‚‚æ•°å¼ãƒ¢ãƒ¼ãƒ‰ã«å…¥ã‚‹ã¨æ¨ªæ•°å¼ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã«å…¥ã‚‹ã“ã¨ã«ã—ãŸ.
ç¾åœ¨ã®ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ãŒé€šå¸¸ã®ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã§ã‚ã‚‹ã‹,
æ•°å¼ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã§ã‚ã‚‹ã‹ã¯, \verb|\ifmdir|ã§ãƒ†ã‚¹ãƒˆã§ãã‚‹.


\section{çµ„ç‰ˆçµæžœã®å‡ºåŠ›} \label{output}

\TeX ã¯\verb|\shipout|ãƒ—ãƒªãƒŸãƒ†ã‚¤ãƒ–ã§, ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã®å·¦ä¸Šéš…ãŒç´™ã®å·¦ä¸Šéš…ã‹ã‚‰,
å³ã« $\verb|\hoffset|+1ã‚¤ãƒ³ãƒ$,
ä¸‹ã« $\verb|\voffset|+1ã‚¤ãƒ³ãƒ$ ã®ä½ç½®ã«ãªã‚‹ã‚ˆã†ã«,
{\tt DVI}ï¼ˆ\kern0pt{\it D\/}e{\it v\/}ice {\it I\/}ndependent\kern0pt ï¼‰
ãƒ•ã‚¡ã‚¤ãƒ«ã«å‡ºåŠ›ã™ã‚‹.
\pTeX ã‚‚åŒæ§˜ã§ã‚ã‚‹.
\verb|\hoffset|, \verb|\voffset|ã¯, ã»ã‹ã®ãƒ—ãƒªãƒŸãƒ†ã‚£ãƒ–åã¨é•ã£ã¦,
ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã«é–¢ä¿‚ãªã, h, vãŒæœ¬å½“ã«holizontal, vertcalã‚’æ„å‘³ã—ã¦ã„ã‚‹.

å¾“æ¥ã®\verb|DVI|å‘½ä»¤ã¯, \.æ¨ª\.çµ„\.ã¿\.ã®\.ã¨\.ããƒ•ã‚¡ã‚¤ãƒ«ãŒå°ã•ããªã‚‹ã‚ˆã†ã«
å·¥å¤«ã•ã‚Œã¦ã„ã‚‹.
ãŸã¨ãˆã°, ``æ–‡å­—ã®å°å­—''ã¨``æ–‡å­—å¹…ã&nbsp;ã‘å³ã¸ç§»å‹•''ãŒ,
1ã¤ã®å‘½ä»¤ã§ã§ãã‚‹ã‚ˆã†ã«ãªã£ã¦ã„ã‚‹.
\pTeX ã§ã¯, ç¸¦çµ„ã¿ã®å&nbsp;´åˆã§ã‚‚æ¨ªçµ„ã¿ã¨åŒæ§˜ã«ãƒ•ã‚¡ã‚¤ãƒ«ãŒå°ã•ããªã‚‹ã‚ˆã†ã«,
\verb|DVI|ãƒ•ã‚©ãƒ¼ãƒžãƒƒãƒˆã‚’æ‹¡å¼µã—ãŸ.

ãŸã&nbsp;ã—, ãŸã¨ãˆã°å¾“æ¥ã®æ–‡æ›¸ã‚’ã“ã®\TeX ã§å‡¦ç†ã—ãŸå&nbsp;´åˆãªã©,
ãã®æ–‡æ›¸å†…ã§ç¸¦çµ„ã¿ã‚’ä½¿ç”¨ã—ã¦ã„ãªã„å&nbsp;´åˆ,
å¾“æ¥ã®ã‚‚ã®ã¨åŒã˜ãƒ•ã‚©ãƒ¼ãƒžãƒƒãƒˆã®{\tt DVI}ã‚’å‡ºåŠ›ã™ã‚‹.
ã¾ãŸ, ãƒ—ãƒªã‚¢ãƒ³ãƒ–ãƒ«, ãƒã‚¹ãƒˆã‚¢ãƒ³ãƒ–ãƒ«ã‚’ãƒ†ã‚¹ãƒˆã™ã‚Œã°,
æ–‡æ›¸å†…ã—ãŸç¸¦çµ„ã¿ã‚’ä½¿ç”¨ã—ãŸç®‡æ‰€ãŒå­˜åœ¨ã™ã‚‹ã‹ã©ã†ã‹ã‚’çŸ¥ã‚‹ã“ã¨ãŒã§ãã‚‹ã‚ˆã†ã«ã—ãŸ.


\section{ã‚¤ãƒ³ãƒ—ãƒªãƒ¡ãƒ³ãƒˆ} \label{imple}

ç¾åœ¨æ§‹ç¯‰ä¸­ã®ãƒªã‚¹ãƒˆã®ãƒã‚¹ãƒ†ã‚£ãƒ³ã‚°çŠ¶æ…‹ã‚’ç¤ºã™
ãƒ¬ã‚³ãƒ¼ãƒ‰ï¼ˆ\kern0pt {\it list\_state\_record\/}ï¼‰ã«,
ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã‚’è¡¨ã™ãƒ•ã‚£ãƒ¼ãƒ«ãƒ‰ã‚’è¿½åŠ&nbsp;ã—,
ãƒˆãƒƒãƒ—ã®ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã‚’ãƒžã‚¯ãƒ­{\it direction\/}ã§ã‚¢ã‚¯ã‚»ã‚¹ã§ãã‚‹ã‚ˆã†ã«ã—ãŸ.
{\it direction\/}ã®å€¤ã¯{\it dir\_yoko\/}ã‹, {\it dir\_tate\/}ã‹,
$-{\it dir\_yoko\/}$ã‹, $-{\it dir\_tate\/}$ã§ã‚ã‚‹.
$-{\it dir\_yoko\/}$, $-{\it dir\_tate\/}$ã¯æ•°å¼ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã‚’æ„å‘³ã™ã‚‹.

å„ç¨®ãƒŽãƒ¼ãƒ‰ã«ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã‚’ä¿æŒã™ã‚‹ãƒ•ã‚£ãƒ¼ãƒ«ãƒ‰ã‚’åŠ&nbsp;ãˆãªã‘ã‚Œã°ãªã‚‰ãªã„.
ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã‚’è¡¨ã™{\it hlist\_node\/}, {\it vlist\_node\/}ã§ã¯
ç¬¬1ãƒ¯ãƒ¼ãƒ‰ã®{\it sub\_type}ãƒ•ã‚£ãƒ¼ãƒ«ãƒ‰ãŒæœªä½¿ç”¨ã&nbsp;ã£ãŸã®ã§,
ã“ã‚Œã‚’{\it box\_dir\/}ã¨ã—ã¦ä½¿ã†ã“ã¨ã«ã—ãŸ.
\verb|\insert|ã«ã‚ˆã£ã¦ç”Ÿæˆã•ã‚Œã‚‹
{\it ins\_node\/}ã«ã¯ç©ºã„ã¦ã„ã‚‹ãƒ•ã‚£ãƒ¼ãƒ«ãƒ‰ãŒãªã‹ã£ãŸã®ã§,
ã‚µã‚¤ã‚ºã‚’1ãƒ¯ãƒ¼ãƒ‰å¤§ããã—ã¦å…¨éƒ¨ã§6ãƒ¯ãƒ¼ãƒ‰ã«ã—,
æœ€å¾Œã®1ãƒ¯ãƒ¼ãƒ‰ã‚’{\it ins\_dir\/}ã¨ã—ã¦ä½¿ã†ã“ã¨ã«ã—ãŸ.

\subsection{\it dir\_node}

ç¸¦ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã®ãƒªã‚¹ãƒˆã«æ¨ªãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã®ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã‚’è¿½åŠ&nbsp;ã™ã‚‹ã‚ˆã†ãªå&nbsp;´åˆ,
é–“ã«{\it dir\_node\/}ã‚’æŒ¿å…¥ã—ã¦, ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã®å¤§ãã•ãªã©ã‚’æ•´åˆã•ã›ã‚‹.
{\it dir\_node\/}ã¯, {\it hlist\_node\/}, {\it vlist\_node\/}ã¨
å…¨ãåŒã˜æ§‹é€&nbsp;ã‚’æŒã£ã¦ã„ã‚‹.
ãƒªã‚¹ãƒˆã«ã¯ã“ã®{\it dir\_node\/}ãŒæŒ¿å…¥ã•ã‚Œ,
{\it dir\_node\/}ã®{\it box\_dir\/}ã«ã¯ãƒªã‚¹ãƒˆã®ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ãŒ,
{\it width\/},{\it depth\/},{\it height\/}ã«ã¯,
ãƒªã‚¹ãƒˆã®ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã§è¦‹ãŸ, ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã®$W$, $D$, $H$ã®å€¤ãŒå…¥ã£ã¦ã„ã‚‹.
{\it dir\_node\/}ã®{\it list\_ptr\/}ã¯å®Ÿä½“ã®ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã‚’æŒ‡ã™ãƒã‚¤ãƒ³ã‚¿ã§ã‚ã‚‹.
å®Ÿä½“ã®ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ï¼ˆ{\it hlist\_node\/}, {\it vlist\_node\/}ï¼‰ã®
{\it box\_dir\/}ã«ã¯ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã®ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ãŒ,
{\it width\/},{\it depth\/},{\it height\/}ã«ã¯,
ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã®ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã§è¦‹ãŸ, $W$, $D$, $H$ã®å€¤ãŒå…¥ã£ã¦ã„ã‚‹.

ãŸã¨ãˆã°
\begin{quote}
	ï¼ˆç¸¦ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ï¼‰\\
	{\gt \verb|æ˜­å’Œ\hbox{\yoko 38}å¹´|}
\end{quote}
ã¯å›³ã®ã‚ˆã†ãªãƒªã‚¹ãƒˆã‚’ä½œã‚‹.
\begin{quote} \begin{picture}(40,25)(-4,-22)
	\thinlines
	\put(0,0){\begin{picture}(0,0)
		\put(-4,-3){\framebox(8,4){}}
		\put(0,0){\vector(1,0){6}}
		\put(0,0){\circle*{0.3}}
		\put(-4,-1){\line(1,0){8}}
		\put(-4,-3){\makebox(8,2)[c]{`æ˜­'}}
	\end{picture}}
	\put(10,0){\begin{picture}(0,0)
		\put(-4,-3){\framebox(8,4){}}
		\put(0,0){\vector(1,0){6}}
		\put(0,0){\circle*{0.3}}
		\put(-4,-1){\line(1,0){8}}
		\put(-4,-3){\makebox(8,2)[c]{`å’Œ'}}
	\end{picture}}
	\put(20,0){\begin{picture}(0,0)
		\put(-4,-7){\framebox(8,8){}}
		\put(-4,-1){\makebox(4,2)[c]{\bf ç¸¦}}
		\put( 0,-1){\line(0,1){2}}
		\put( 2, 0){\vector(1,0){4}}
		\put(2,0){\circle*{0.3}}
		\put(-4,-1){\line(1,0){8}}
		\put(-4,-5){\makebox(8,4)[c]{\it dir\_node\/}}
		\put(-4,-5){\line(1,0){8}}
		\put( 0,-6){\circle*{0.3}}
		\put( 0,-6){\vector(0,-1){3}}
	\end{picture}}
	\put(30,0){\begin{picture}(0,0)
		\put(-4,-3){\framebox(8,4){}}
		\put(-4,-1){\line(4,1){8}}
		\put(-4,-1){\line(1,0){8}}
		\put(-4,-3){\makebox(8,2)[c]{`å¹´'}}
	\end{picture}}

	\put(20,-10){\begin{picture}(0,0)
		\put(-4,-7){\framebox(8,8){}}
		\put(-4,-1){\makebox(4,2)[c]{\bf æ¨ª}}
		\put( 0,-1){\line(0,1){2}}
		\put( 0,-1){\line(2,1){4}}
		\put(-4,-1){\line(1,0){8}}
		\put(-4,-5){\makebox(8,4)[c]{\it hlist\_node\/}}
		\put(-4,-5){\line(1,0){8}}
		\put( 0,-6){\circle*{0.3}}
		\put( 0,-6){\vector(0,-1){3}}
	\end{picture}}

	\put(20,-20){\begin{picture}(0,0)
		\put(-4,-3){\framebox(8,4){}}
		\put(0,0){\vector(1,0){6}}
		\put(0,0){\circle*{0.3}}
		\put(-4,-1){\line(1,0){8}}
		\put(-4,-3){\makebox(8,2)[c]{`3'}}
	\end{picture}}
	\put(30,-20){\begin{picture}(0,0)
		\put(-4,-3){\framebox(8,4){}}
		\put(-4,-1){\line(4,1){8}}
		\put(-4,-1){\line(1,0){8}}
		\put(-4,-3){\makebox(8,2)[c]{`8'}}
	\end{picture}}
\end{picture}\end{quote}
\begin{quote}\gt\begin{verbatim}
	\tmin æ˜­
	\tmin å’Œ
	\dirboxT(5.00002+5.00002)x6.44444
	.\hboxY(6.44444+0.0)x10.00003
	..\tenrm 3
	..\tenrm 8
	\penalty 500(for \jcharwidowpenalty)
	\glue(\kanjiskip) 0.0 plus 0.4 minus 0.4
	\tmin å¹´
\end{verbatim} \end{quote}

`\verb|\hbox{|'ã¨å…¥åŠ›ã•ã‚Œã‚‹ã¨,
ãã‚Œã¾ã§ã®ãƒªã‚¹ãƒˆã‚„ãƒ¢ãƒ¼ãƒ‰ã‚„ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ãŒã‚»ãƒ¼ãƒ–ã•ã‚Œ,
æ–°ãŸãªãƒªã‚¹ãƒˆã‚„ãƒ¢ãƒ¼ãƒ‰ã‚„ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ãŒç”¨æ„ã•ã‚Œã‚‹.
\verb|\tate|ã‚„\verb|\yoko|ã¯,
ãã®æ™‚ç‚¹ã§ã®ãƒªã‚¹ãƒˆãŒç©ºã§ã‚ã‚Œã°ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã‚’å¤‰æ›´ã™ã‚‹.
`\verb|\hbox{|'ã«å¯¾å¿œã™ã‚‹`\verb|}|'ãŒå…¥åŠ›ã•ã‚Œã‚‹ã¨,
ã¾ãš, \verb|\hbox{}|ã®å†…éƒ¨ã®ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã¨åŒã˜ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã®ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ãŒ
ä½œã‚‰ã‚Œã‚‹.
ãã®ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã¨\verb|\hbox{}|ã®å¤–å´ã®ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ãŒä¸€è‡´ã—ã¦ã„ãªã‘ã‚Œã°,
{\it dir\_node}ã‚’ä½¿ã£ã¦, ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ãŒæ•´åˆã•ã›ã‚‰ã‚Œã‚‹.

\subsection{\it disp\_node}

å’Œæ–‡ä¸­ã®æ¬§æ–‡ã‚„æ•°å¼ã®ãƒ™ãƒ¼ã‚¹ãƒ©ã‚¤ãƒ³ã‚’ã‚·ãƒ•ãƒˆã•ã›ã‚‹ãŸã‚ã«,
æ–°ç¨®ã®ãƒŽãƒ¼ãƒ‰{\it disp\_node\/}ï¼ˆ\kern0pt displacement node\kern0pt ï¼‰ã‚’
å°Žå…¥ã™ã‚‹ã“ã¨ã«ã—ãŸ.
ã“ã®ãƒŽãƒ¼ãƒ‰ã¯, ãƒªãƒ³ã‚¯æƒ…å&nbsp;±ãƒ¯ãƒ¼ãƒ‰ã®ã»ã‹ã«
{\it disp\_dimen\/}ãƒ•ã‚£ãƒ¼ãƒ«ãƒ‰ï¼ˆ1ãƒ¯ãƒ¼ãƒ‰ï¼‰ã‚’æŒã£ã¦ã„ã‚‹.
{\it disp\_node\/}ã¯hãƒªã‚¹ãƒˆä¸­ã«ã®ã¿å­˜åœ¨ã—,
ã“ã®ãƒŽãƒ¼ãƒ‰ä»¥é™ã®ã™ã¹ã¦ã®ãƒŽãƒ¼ãƒ‰ã®ãƒ™ãƒ¼ã‚¹ãƒ©ã‚¤ãƒ³ã‚’,
{\it disp\_dimen}ã&nbsp;ã‘è¡Œé€ã‚Šæ–¹å‘ã«ã‚·ãƒ•ãƒˆã•ã›ã‚‹.

ãŸã¨ãˆã°, ç¸¦ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã§\verb|\tbaselineshift|ã®å€¤ãŒ2ãƒã‚¤ãƒ³ãƒˆã®ã¨ã,
\begin{quote}\gt
	\ldots\verb|ã“ã®dispãƒŽãƒ¼ãƒ‰|\ldots
\end{quote}
ã®ã‚ˆã†ã«å…¥åŠ›ã™ã‚‹ã¨`\verb|disp|'ã®å‰ã«2ãƒã‚¤ãƒ³ãƒˆã®{\it disp\_node\/},
å¾Œã«0ãƒã‚¤ãƒ³ãƒˆã®{\it disp\_node\/}ãŒæŒ¿å…¥ã•ã‚Œã‚‹.
\begin{quote}\gt\begin{verbatim}
	\tmin ã“
	\tmin ã®
	\displace 2.0
	\glue(\xkanjiskip) 2.5 plus 1.0 minus 1.0
	\tenrm d
	\tenrm i
	\tenrm s
	\tenrm p
	\displace 0.0
	\glue(\xkanjiskip) 2.5 plus 1.0 minus 1.0
	\tmin ãƒŽ
	\penalty 200(for kinsoku)
	\glue(\kanjiskip) 0.0 plus 0.4 minus 0.4
	\tmin ãƒ¼
	\penalty 500(for \jcharwidowpenalty)
	\glue(\kanjiskip) 0.0 plus 0.4 minus 0.4
	\tmin ãƒ‰
\end{verbatim} \end{quote}
æ–‡å­—ï¼ˆ\kern0pt {\it char\_node\/}ï¼‰,
ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ï¼ˆ\kern0pt {\it hlist\_node\/}, {\it vlist\_node\/}, {\it dir\_node\/}ï¼‰,
ç½«ç·šï¼ˆ\kern0pt {\it rule\_node\/}ï¼‰ä»¥å¤–ã®ãƒŽãƒ¼ãƒ‰ã«ã¯,
$H$ã‚„$D$ãŒãªã„ã®ã§{\it disp\_node\/}ã®å½±éŸ¿ã‚’å—ã‘ãªã„.
ã&nbsp;ã‹ã‚‰
\begin{quote}\gt
	\ldots\verb|ã“ã®dvi fileãƒ•ã‚©ãƒ¼ãƒžãƒƒãƒˆ|\ldots
\end{quote}
ã®ã‚ˆã†ã«å…¥åŠ›ã•ã‚ŒãŸã¨ã, \verb|device|ã¨\verb|independent|ã®é–“ã®ç©ºç™½ã®å‰å¾Œã«
{\it disp\_node\/}ã‚’å…¥ã‚Œã‚‹ã®ã¯ç„¡é§„ã§ã‚ã‚‹.
\begin{quote}\gt\begin{verbatim}
	\tmin ã“
	\tmin ã®
	\displace 2.0
	\glue(\xkanjiskip) 2.5 plus 1.0 minus 1.0
	\tenrm d
	\tenrm v
	\tenrm i
	\displace 0.0
	\glue 3.33333 plus 1.66666 minus 1.11111
	\displace 2.0
	\tenrm ^^L (ligature fi)
	\tenrm l
	\tenrm e
	\displace 0.0
	\glue(\xkanjiskip) 2.5 plus 1.0 minus 1.0
	\tmin ãƒ•
	\penalty 150(for kinsoku)
	\glue 1.07391 minus 1.07391
	\tmin ã‚©
\end{verbatim} \end{quote}
ãã“ã§, ãƒªã‚¹ãƒˆã«{\it disp\_node\/}ã‚’åŠ&nbsp;ãˆã‚‹ã¨ã,
ç„¡é§„ãª{\it disp\_node\/}ã‚’æ¶ˆã™ã‚ˆã†ã«ã—ãŸ.
\begin{quote}\gt\begin{verbatim}
	.\tmin ã“
	.\tmin ã®
	.\displace 2.0
	.\glue(\xkanjiskip) 2.5 plus 1.0 minus 1.0
	.\tenrm d
	.\tenrm v
	.\tenrm i
	.\glue 3.33333 plus 1.66666 minus 1.11111
	.\tenrm ^^L (ligature fi)
	.\tenrm l
	.\tenrm e
	.\displace 0.0
	.\glue(\xkanjiskip) 2.5 plus 1.0 minus 1.0
	.\tmin ãƒ•
	.\penalty 150(for kinsoku)
	.\glue 1.07391 minus 1.07391
	.\tmin ã‚©
\end{verbatim} \end{quote}

\subsection{ç¸¦çµ„ã¿ç”¨{\tt TFM}ãƒ•ã‚¡ã‚¤ãƒ«}

ç¸¦çµ„ã¿ãƒ•ã‚©ãƒ³ãƒˆç”¨æ‹¡å¼µ{\tt TFM}ãƒ•ã‚¡ã‚¤ãƒ«ã®ãƒ•ã‚©ãƒ¼ãƒžãƒƒãƒˆã¯, åŸºæœ¬çš„ã«ã¯,
å¾“æ¥ã®{\tt JFM}ãƒ•ã‚©ãƒ¼ãƒžãƒƒãƒˆ\cite{jfm}ã¨å¤‰ã‚ã‚‰ãªã„.
ãŸã&nbsp;å„ãƒ•ã‚£ãƒ¼ãƒ«ãƒ‰ã®æ„å‘³ãŒå¤šå°‘å¤‰åŒ–ã—ã¦ã„ã‚‹.
æœ€åˆã®ãƒãƒ¼ãƒ•ãƒ¯ãƒ¼ãƒ‰ï¼ˆ\kern0pt {\it id}\kern0pt ï¼‰ã§
{\tt JFM}ãƒ•ã‚©ãƒ¼ãƒžãƒƒãƒˆã§ã‚ã‚‹ã“ã¨ã‚’ç¤ºã™.
$\hbox{\it id} = 11$ ã®å&nbsp;´åˆã¯æ¨ªçµ„ã¿ç”¨{\tt JFM},
$\hbox{\it id} = 9$ ã®å&nbsp;´åˆã¯ç¸¦çµ„ã¿ç”¨{\tt JFM}ã§ã‚ã‚‹.

{\it width}, {\it italic}, {\it kern}, {\it glue}ãªã©
å¾“æ¥ã®æ¨ªçµ„ã¿{\tt JFM}ãƒ•ã‚©ãƒ¼ãƒžãƒƒãƒˆã§æ¨ªæ–¹å‘ã®æ„å‘³ã‚’æŒã£ã¦ã„ãŸãƒ•ã‚£ãƒ¼ãƒ«ãƒ‰ã¯,
ç¸¦çµ„ã¿{\tt JFM}ã§ã¯ç¸¦ï¼ˆå­—é€ã‚Šï¼‰æ–¹å‘ã®æ„å‘³ã‚’æŒã¤.
ãŸã¨ãˆã°{\it width}ã¯ãã®æ–‡å­—ã®ç¸¦æ–¹å‘ã®å¤§ãã•ã§ã‚ã‚‹.

{\it height}, {\it depth}ãªã©
å¾“æ¥ã®æ¨ªçµ„ã¿{\tt JFM}ã§ç¸¦æ–¹å‘ã®æ„å‘³ã‚’æŒã£ã¦ã„ãŸãƒ•ã‚£ãƒ¼ãƒ«ãƒ‰ã¯,
ç¸¦çµ„ã¿{\tt JFM}ã§ã¯æ¨ªï¼ˆè¡Œé€ã‚Šï¼‰æ–¹å‘ã®æ„å‘³ã‚’æŒã¤.
{\it height}ã¯ãã®æ–‡å­—ã®ãƒ™ãƒ¼ã‚¹ãƒ©ã‚¤ãƒ³ã®å³å´ã®å¤§ãã•,
{\it depth}ã¯ãã®æ–‡å­—ã®ãƒ™ãƒ¼ã‚¹ãƒ©ã‚¤ãƒ³ã®å·¦å´ã®å¤§ãã•ã§ã‚ã‚‹.

\subsection{æ‹¡å¼µ{\tt DVI}ãƒ•ã‚©ãƒ¼ãƒžãƒƒãƒˆ}

å¾“æ¥ã®\verb|DVI|ã«ã¯æ°´å¹³æ–¹å‘ã¸ç§»å‹•ã™ã‚‹å‘½ä»¤ã¨ã—ã¦\verb|right|,
åž‚ç›´æ–¹å‘ã¸ç§»å‹•ã™ã‚‹å‘½ä»¤ã¨ã—ã¦\verb|down|ã¨ã„ã†åå‰ãŒä½¿ç”¨ã•ã‚Œã¦ã„ã‚‹.
hãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã‚’``æ°´å¹³ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹''ã§ã¯ãªã``å­—é€ã‚Šæ–¹å‘ã®ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹''ã¨å®šç¾©ã—ãŸã‚ˆã†ã«
\verb|right|å‘½ä»¤ã‚’å­—é€ã‚Šæ–¹å‘ã¸ç§»å‹•ã™ã‚‹å‘½ä»¤,
\verb|down|å‘½ä»¤ã‚’è¡Œé€ã‚Šæ–¹å‘ã¸ç§»å‹•ã™ã‚‹å‘½ä»¤ã¨å®šç¾©ã—ãŸ.
å­—é€ã‚Š, è¡Œé€ã‚Šã®æ–¹å‘ã¯, çµ„ã¿æ–¹å‘ã«ã‚ˆã£ã¦å¤‰ã‚ã‚‹ã®ã§,
\verb|DVI|ãƒªãƒ¼ãƒ€ã«ã‚‚ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã‚’è¨­ã‘ã¦,
æ–°ã—ã„å‘½ä»¤\verb|dir|ã«ã‚ˆã£ã¦ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã‚’åˆ‡ã‚Šæ›ãˆã‚‹ã“ã¨ã«ã—ãŸ.
\verb|push|, \verb|pop|ã§, $(h,v,w,x,y,z)$ã®ä»–ã«,
ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³$d$ã‚‚push, popã™ã‚‹.

\verb|DVI|ã®å‘½ä»¤ã¯æœ€åˆã®1ãƒã‚¤ãƒˆã§è­˜åˆ¥ã§ãã‚‹ã‚ˆã†ã«ãªã£ã¦ã„ã‚‹.
ã™ã§ã«0--249ãŒä½¿ç”¨ã•ã‚Œã¦ã„ã‚‹\footnote{
	\TeX ã‚’, è‹±èªžãªã©ã®å·¦ã‹ã‚‰å³ã¸æ›¸ãè¨€èªžã¨,
	ã‚¢ãƒ©ãƒ“ã‚¢èªžã‚„ãƒ˜ãƒ–ãƒ©ã‚¤èªžã®ã‚ˆã†ã«å³ã‹ã‚‰å·¦ã¸æ›¸ãè¨€èªžã‚’
	æ··æ¤ã§ãã‚‹ã‚ˆã†ã«æ”¹é€&nbsp;ã—ãŸäº‹ä¾‹\cite{arabic}ã§ã¯,
	ãã®ã‚¤ãƒ³ãƒ—ãƒªãƒ¡ãƒ³ãƒˆã®æ–¹æ³•ã¨ã—ã¦\verb|DVI|å‘½ä»¤ã‚’æ‹¡å¼µã—ã¦ãŠã‚Š,
	250, 251ã‚’ä½¿ç”¨ã—ã¦ã„ã‚‹.
}ã®ã§æ–°ã—ã„å‘½ä»¤ã¯255ã‚’ä½¿ã†ã“ã¨ã«ã—ãŸ.
\verb|dir|ï¼ˆ\kern0pt 255\kern0pt ï¼‰å‘½ä»¤ã¯1ãƒã‚¤ãƒˆã®å¼•æ•°$d$ã‚’1ã¤å–ã‚‹.
\begin{itemize}
\item $d=0$ $\cdots$ æ¨ªçµ„ã¿
\item $d=1$ $\cdots$ ç¸¦çµ„ã¿
\end{itemize}

æ¨ªãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã®å&nbsp;´åˆã¯å¾“æ¥ã®\verb|DVI|ã¨ã‚³ãƒ³ãƒ‘ãƒãƒ–ãƒ«ã§ã‚ã‚‹ãŒ,
ç¸¦ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã®å&nbsp;´åˆã¯å¾“æ¥ã®\verb|DVI|ã§æ¨ªæ–¹å‘ã«ç§»å‹•ã™ã‚‹å‘½ä»¤
\begin{quote} \begin{verbatim}
	set_char_* set? set_rule right? w? x?
\end{verbatim} \end{quote}
ã¯ç¸¦æ–¹å‘ï¼ˆå­—é€ã‚Šæ–¹å‘ï¼‰ã«ç§»å‹•ã™ã‚‹å‘½ä»¤ã¨ãªã‚Š,
å¾“æ¥ã®\verb|DVI|ã§ç¸¦æ–¹å‘ã«ç§»å‹•ã™ã‚‹å‘½ä»¤
\begin{quote} \begin{verbatim}
	down? y? z?
\end{verbatim} \end{quote}
ã¯æ¨ªæ–¹å‘ï¼ˆè¡Œé€ã‚Šæ–¹å‘ï¼‰ã«ç§»å‹•ã™ã‚‹å‘½ä»¤ã¨ãªã‚‹.

æ–‡å­—ã¯, ãƒ™ãƒ¼ã‚¹ãƒ©ã‚¤ãƒ³ã®æ–¹å‘ãŒå­—é€ã‚Šã®æ–¹å‘ã¨ä¸€è‡´ã™ã‚‹ã‚ˆã†ã«,
å¿…è¦ãªã‚‰å›žè»¢ã—ã¦, å°å­—ã•ã‚Œãªã‘ã‚Œã°ãªã‚‰ãªã„.
ç½«ç·šã®å‘½ä»¤ã‚‚ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã«ã‚ˆã£ã¦æ–¹å‘ãŒå¤‰ã‚ã‚‹.
å¾“æ¥ã®\verb|set_rule|, \verb|put_rule|ã§ã¯,
æœ€åˆã®å¼•æ•°ãŒé«˜ã•, æ¬¡ã®å¼•æ•°ãŒå¹…ã‚’è¡¨ã—ã¦ã„ãŸ.
æ‹¡å¼µ\verb|DVI|ã§ã¯, æœ€åˆã®å¼•æ•°ãŒç½«ç·šã®è¡Œé€ã‚Šæ–¹å‘ã®åå¯¾å´ã®å¤§ãã•,
æ¬¡ã®å¼•æ•°ãŒå­—é€ã‚Šæ–¹å‘ã®å¤§ãã•ã‚’è¡¨ã—ã¦ã„ã‚‹.
\verb|set_rule|ã§ã¯2ç•ªç›®ã®å¼•æ•°ã§æŒ‡å®šã—ã¦ã‚ã‚‹é•·ã•ã&nbsp;ã‘
å­—é€ã‚Šæ–¹å‘ã«å‚ç…§ç‚¹ã‚’ç§»å‹•ã•ã›ã‚‹.

å„ãƒšãƒ¼ã‚¸ã®å…ˆé&nbsp;­ã§ã¯, {\tt DVI}ãƒªãƒ¼ãƒ€ã¯æ¨ªãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ã‚·ãƒ§ãƒ³ã§ã‚ã‚Š,
æ‹¡å¼µ\verb|DVI|å¯¾å¿œã®ãƒ—ãƒªãƒ³ã‚¿ãƒ‰ãƒ©ã‚¤ãƒã§, å¾“æ¥ã®\verb|DVI|ã‚‚ãƒ—ãƒªãƒ³ãƒˆã‚¢ã‚¦ãƒˆã§ã,
æ‹¡å¼µå‘½ä»¤ï¼ˆ\kern0pt \verb|dir|\kern0pt ï¼‰ã‚’ä½¿ã£ã¦ã„ãªã„\verb|DVI|ãƒ•ã‚¡ã‚¤ãƒ«ã¯,
å¾“æ¥ã®ãƒ—ãƒªãƒ³ã‚¿ãƒ‰ãƒ©ã‚¤ãƒã§ãƒ—ãƒªãƒ³ãƒˆã‚¢ã‚¦ãƒˆã§ãã‚‹.

\verb|DVI|ãƒ•ã‚¡ã‚¤ãƒ«ã«ã¯, ãƒ•ã‚¡ã‚¤ãƒ«ã®å…ˆé&nbsp;­ï¼ˆ\kern0pt preamble\kern0pt ï¼‰ã¨
æœ«å°¾ï¼ˆ\kern0pt postamble\kern0pt ï¼‰ã«\verb|DVI|ã®ãƒãƒ¼ã‚¸ãƒ§ãƒ³ã‚’è¡¨ã™
{\it id\_byte}ãŒæ›¸ãè¾¼ã¾ã‚Œã¦ã„ã‚‹.
å¾“æ¥ã®\verb|DVI|ã§ã¯ã©ã¡ã‚‰ã®{\it id\_byte}ã‚‚2ã§ã‚ã‚‹.
æ‹¡å¼µå‘½ä»¤ã‚’ä½¿ã£ã¦ã„ã‚‹\verb|DVI|ãƒ•ã‚¡ã‚¤ãƒ«ã§ã¯, postambleã®{\it id\_byte}ã‚’3ã«ã—ã¦,
æ‹¡å¼µãƒ—ãƒªãƒ³ã‚¿ãƒ‰ãƒ©ã‚¤ãƒã§ãƒ—ãƒªãƒ³ãƒˆã‚¢ã‚¦ãƒˆã—ãªã‘ã‚Œã°ãªã‚‰ãªã„ã“ã¨ã‚’è¡¨ã™.


\section{æ—¥æœ¬èªž\TeX ã¨ã®äº’æ›æ€§}

\pTeX ã¯, æ©Ÿèƒ½é¢ã§ã¯å¾“æ¥ã®æ—¥æœ¬èªž\TeX ã¨ã®å®Œå…¨ãªäº’æ›æ€§ã‚’ä¿ã£ã¦ã„ã‚‹.

æ€§èƒ½é¢ã§ã®é•ã„ã‚’æ¯”è¼ƒã™ã‚‹ãŸã‚ã«
SONY NEWS 1460ä¸Šã®æ—¥æœ¬èªž\TeX ã¨\pTeX ã§æœ¬è«–æ–‡ã‚’çµ„ç‰ˆã—,
cshã®timeã‚³ãƒžãƒ³ãƒ‰ã§CPUæ™‚é–“ã‚’æ¯”è¼ƒã—ã¦ã¿ãŸ.
ãªãŠã“ã®ãƒ†ã‚¹ãƒˆã§ã¯, ã‚ã‚‰ã‹ã˜ã‚auxãƒ•ã‚¡ã‚¤ãƒ«ã‚’ä½œæˆã—ã¦ãŠã,
{\tt virtex}ã«\LaTeX ã®ãƒ•ã‚©ãƒ¼ãƒžãƒƒãƒˆãƒ•ã‚¡ã‚¤ãƒ«ã‚’èª­ã¿è¾¼ã¾ã›ã‚‹å½¢ã§èµ·å‹•ã—ã¦è¨ˆæ¸¬ã—ãŸ.
\begin{itemize}
\item æ—¥æœ¬èªž\TeX ã®å&nbsp;´åˆ:\\
	\verb|24.7u 0.3s 0:25 99% 44+123k 0+16io 0pf+0w|

\item \pTeX ã®å&nbsp;´åˆ:\\
	\verb|25.0u 0.3s 0:25 99% 46+121k 0+16io 0pf+0w|
\end{itemize}

ã‚„ã¯ã‚Šå¤šå°‘è²&nbsp;è·ã¯é‡ããªã£ã¦ã„ã‚‹ã‚ˆã†ã&nbsp;ãŒ,
ç´„1 \%ãªã®ã§ã»ã¨ã‚“ã©å¤‰ã£ã¦ã„ãªã„ã¨è¨€ã£ã¦ã„ã„ã¨æ€ã†.
ã“ã‚Œã¯, \pTeX ã‚’æ—¥æœ¬èªž\TeX ã®ç½®ãæ›ãˆã¨ã—ã¦ä½¿ç”¨ã—ã¦ã‚‚
æ”¯éšœã¯ãªã„ã¨ã„ã†ã“ã¨ã‚’æ„å‘³ã—ã¦ã„ã‚‹.


\section{ãŠã‚ã‚Šã«}

ä»Šå›žè¡Œã£ãŸ\TeX ã®æ”¹é€&nbsp;ã¯, ç›¸å½“å¤§è¦æ‘¸ãªã‚‚ã®ã§ã‚ã‚‹.
ã‚¢ã‚¹ã‚­ãƒ¼ç‰ˆæ—¥æœ¬èªž\TeX ã®æ®µéšŽã§æ—¢ã«{\tt trip test}ã‚’ãƒ‘ã‚¹ã—ãªããªã£ã¦ãŠã‚Š,
ã“ã‚Œã«ã•ã‚‰ã«æ”¹é€&nbsp;ã‚’åŠ&nbsp;ãˆãŸã®ã§,
`ã‚‚ã¯ã‚„ã“ã‚Œã¯\TeX ã§ã¯ãªã„'ã¨ã„ã†æ„è¦‹ã‚‚ã‚ã‚‹ã‹ã‚‚çŸ¥ã‚Œãªã„.
ç§ã¯, \TeX ã®æ&nbsp;¹æœ¬ã¯ä»¥ä¸‹ã®3é&nbsp;…ç›®ã§ã‚ã‚ã†ã¨è€ƒãˆã¦ã„ã‚‹.
\begin{itemize}
\item ãƒœãƒƒã‚¯ã‚¹ã¨ã‚°ãƒ«ãƒ¼
\item ãƒ©ã‚¤ãƒ³ãƒ–ãƒ¬ãƒ¼ã‚¯, ãƒšãƒ¼ã‚¸ãƒ–ãƒ¬ãƒ¼ã‚¯
\item ãƒžã‚¯ãƒ­
\end{itemize}
ã“ã®æ©Ÿæ§‹ã¯å˜ç´”ã§ã‚ã‚‹ã«ã‚‚ã‹ã‹ã‚ã‚‰ãšéžå¸¸ã«å¼·åŠ›ã§,
çµ„ç‰ˆã®è«¸å•é¡Œã‚’ã»ã¼è§£æ±ºã™ã‚‹ã“ã¨ãŒã§ãã‚‹.
ã“ã®åŸºæœ¬ã‚’è¸ã¿å¤–ã•ãªã‘ã‚Œã°, \TeX ã¨å‘¼ã‚“ã§ã„ã„ã®ã§ã¯ãªã„ã&nbsp;ã‚ã†ã‹.

ã‚‚ã¨ã‚‚ã¨, \TeX ã‚·ã‚¹ãƒ†ãƒ&nbsp;ã¯ã‚¯ãƒŒãƒ¼ã‚¹æ•™æŽˆãŒä¼çµ±çš„ãªçµ„ç‰ˆã«ã¤ã„ã¦èª¿æŸ»ã—,
åŒç­‰ä»¥ä¸Šã®ã‚¯ã‚ªãƒªãƒ†ã‚£ã‚’å¾—ã‚‹ã“ã¨ã‚’ç›®æ¨™ã«ä½œã‚‰ã‚ŒãŸã‚·ã‚¹ãƒ†ãƒ&nbsp;ã§ã‚ã‚‹.
\pTeX ã‚‚, å¾“æ¥ã®æ—¥æœ¬èªžã®çµ„ç‰ˆã«ã¤ã„ã¦ååˆ†èª¿æŸ»ã—,
å…ˆäººã®è¡Œã£ã¦ããŸç¾Žã—ã„çµ„ç‰ˆã®ãŸã‚ã®å·¥å¤«ã‚’,
ã§ãã‚‹é™ã‚Šå–ã‚Šè¾¼ã‚“ã§ã„ããŸã„ã¨è€ƒãˆã¦ã„ã‚‹.
ãã‚Œã‚’ã‚ã‚‹ç¨‹åº¦åŠ¹çŽ‡ã‚ˆãè¡Œã†ãŸã‚ã«ã¯,
ã‚„ã¯ã‚Š, \TeX ã®å†…éƒ¨ã«å¤‰æ›´ã‚’åŠ&nbsp;ãˆã‚‹å¿…è¦ãŒã‚ã‚‹.

ä»Šå¾Œã®\pTeX ã®ç’°å¢ƒã®æ•´å‚™, æ©Ÿèƒ½æ‹¡å¼µã¨ã—ã¦ä»¥ä¸‹ã®ã‚‚ã®ã‚’è€ƒãˆã¦ã„ã‚‹.
\begin{description}
\item[ãƒžã‚¯ãƒ­ã®å……å®Ÿ]\ \\
	ç¸¦çµ„ã¿ã«å¿…è¦ãªãƒžã‚¯ãƒ­ã‚’æ´—ã„å‡ºã—, å……å®Ÿã•ã›ã‚‹å¿…è¦ãŒã‚ã‚‹.

\item[ç´„ç‰©ã®ãƒãƒ¥ãƒ¼ãƒ‹ãƒ³ã‚°]\ \\
	ç¾åœ¨ã®{\tt TFM}ã§ã¯, ç´„ç‰©ï¼ˆè¨˜å·é¡žï¼‰ã®æ‰±ã„ã«ã¤ã„ã¦
	ãƒãƒ¥ãƒ¼ãƒ‹ãƒ³ã‚°ã®è¶³ã‚Šãªã„éƒ¨åˆ†ãŒã‚ã‚‹.

	{\tt TFM}ã®ãƒãƒ¥ãƒ¼ãƒ‹ãƒ³ã‚°ã§å¯¾å¿œã—ãã‚Œãªã„å&nbsp;´åˆã¯,
	\TeX æœ¬ä½“ã®ã‚¹ãƒšãƒ¼ã‚·ãƒ³ã‚°ã‚¢ãƒ«ã‚´ãƒªã‚ºãƒ&nbsp;ã«å¤‰æ›´ã‚’
	åŠ&nbsp;ãˆãªã‘ã‚Œã°ãªã‚‰ãªã„ã‹ã‚‚ã—ã‚Œãªã„.

\item[æ¼¢å­—ãƒ»ã‚«ãƒŠåˆ¥ãƒ•ã‚©ãƒ³ãƒˆ]\ \\
	å†™æ¤ã«ã¯ã‚«ãƒŠæ›¸ä½“ã¨è¨€ã£ã¦, æ¼¢å­—ãŒå«ã¾ã‚Œã¦ã„ãªã„æ›¸ä½“ãŒã‚ã‚‹.
	ã“ã‚Œã¨æ¼¢å­—ã®æ›¸ä½“ï¼ˆæ˜Žæœ, ã‚´ã‚·ãƒƒã‚¯ãªã©ï¼‰ã¨ã‚’çµ„ã¿åˆã‚ã›ã¦æ–‡ç«&nbsp;ã‚’çµ„ã‚€.
	ã‚«ãƒŠã®æ›¸ä½“ã‚’å¤‰ãˆãŸã&nbsp;ã‘ã§ã‚‚ã‹ãªã‚Šé›°å›²æ°—ãŒå¤‰ã‚ã‚‹ã‚‚ã®ã§ã‚ã‚‹.

	ã“ã‚Œã‚’\TeX ã§å®Ÿç¾ã™ã‚‹ã«ã¯, ã‚«ãƒŠã®ã‚«ãƒ¬ãƒ³ãƒˆãƒ•ã‚©ãƒ³ãƒˆã‚’è¨­ã‘ã¦,
	ã‚³ãƒ¼ãƒ‰ã«ã‚ˆã£ã¦æ¼¢å­—ãƒ•ã‚©ãƒ³ãƒˆã¨ã‚«ãƒŠãƒ•ã‚©ãƒ³ãƒˆã‚’ä½¿ã„åˆ†ã‘ã‚‹ã“ã¨ã«ãªã‚‹ã&nbsp;ã‚ã†.

\item[ãƒ«ãƒ“]\ \\
	ã‚„ã¯ã‚Šæ—¥æœ¬èªžã®æ›¸ç±ã‚’çµ„ç‰ˆã™ã‚‹ãŸã‚ã«ã¯, ãƒ«ãƒ“ã‚’é¿ã‘ã‚‹ã‚ã‘ã«ã¯ã„ã‹ãªã„.

	ãƒ«ãƒ“ã®æŒ¯ã£ã¦ã‚ã‚‹ã“ã¨ã°ã®é€”ä¸­ã§ãƒ©ã‚¤ãƒ³ãƒ–ãƒ¬ãƒ¼ã‚¯ãŒèµ·ã“ã‚‹å&nbsp;´åˆãŒã‚ã‚‹ã®ã§,
	ãƒ©ã‚¤ãƒ³ãƒ–ãƒ¬ãƒ¼ã‚¯å‡¦ç†ã«æ‰‹ã‚’åŠ&nbsp;ãˆãªã‘ã‚Œã°ãªã‚‰ãªã„.
	ç¸¦çµ„ã¿æ‹¡å¼µã«åŒ¹æ•µã™ã‚‹å¤§æ”¹é€&nbsp;ã«ãªã‚‹ã¨æ€ã‚ã‚Œã‚‹.
\end{description}

\subsection*{è¬è¾ž}

æœ¬ç&nbsp;”ç©¶ã®æ©Ÿä¼šã‚’ä¸Žãˆã¦ãã&nbsp;ã•ã£ãŸ
ï¼ˆæ&nbsp;ªï¼‰\kern-3pt ã‚¢ã‚¹ã‚­ãƒ¼ é›»å­ç·¨é›†ç&nbsp;”ç©¶çµ±è½„éƒ¨ äº•èŠ¹æ˜Œä¿¡ çµ±è½„éƒ¨é•·,
åŒ æŠ€è¡“çµ±è½„éƒ¨ ä¸‰æµ¦é›…å­ çµ±è½„éƒ¨é•·,
ãªã‚‰ã³ã«, \TeX ã‚·ã‚¹ãƒ†ãƒ&nbsp;ã«ã¤ã„ã¦è²´é‡ãªã”æ„è¦‹ã‚’ã„ãŸã&nbsp;ã„ãŸ åŒ æŠ€è¡“éƒ¨ å¤§é‡Žä¿Šæ²» æ¬¡é•·
ã«æ„Ÿè¬ã—ã¾ã™.

\begin{thebibliography}{9}
\bibitem{texbook} Knuth, D. E. : {\em The \TeX book}, Addison-Wesley (1986)\\
	ï¼»æ–Žè—¤ä¿¡ç”· ç›£ä¿®, é·ºè°·å¥½è¼ ç¿»è¨³ : \TeX ãƒ–ãƒƒã‚¯, ã‚¢ã‚¹ã‚­ãƒ¼(1989)ï¼½
\bibitem{texweb} Knuth, D. E. : {\em \TeX : the program}, Addison-Wesley (1986)
\bibitem{jtex} å€‰æ²¢è‰¯ä¸€ : \TeX ã‚·ã‚¹ãƒ†ãƒ&nbsp;ã®æ—¥æœ¬èªžåŒ–,
		æ—¥æœ¬èªž\TeX é…å¸ƒãƒ†ãƒ¼ãƒ—, {\tt ./doc/jtex.tex} (1987)
\bibitem{jfm} å€‰æ²¢è‰¯ä¸€ : JFM file format,
		æ—¥æœ¬èªž\TeX é…å¸ƒãƒ†ãƒ¼ãƒ—, {\tt ./doc/jfm.tex} (1987)
\bibitem{arabic} Knuth, D. E. and MacKay, P. :
	Mixing right-to-left texts with left-to-right texts,
		{\em TUGboat Volume~8 No.~1}, pp.~14--25 (1987)
\end{thebibliography}

%% texjporg: ã‚¿ã‚¤ãƒã&nbsp;ã‘ä¿®æ­£ (2017/03/13)
\end{document}
</pre></body></html>